摘要
【目的】确定河套灌区玉米一穴双株间作大豆种植模式的最佳施氮量。【方法】采用2行玉米间作3行大豆的种植模式,带宽2.2 m,玉米大豆间行距60 cm,玉米一穴双株种植,大豆单粒播种。以玉米一穴双株单种氮肥用量420 kg/hm^(2)(CK)为基础,设置氮肥减施10%、20%、30%、40%处理,比较分析处理间玉米产量、大豆产量、玉米农艺性状等指标,核算投入产出及增效情况。【结果】产量结果表明,河套灌区玉米一穴双株间作大豆种植模式下,氮肥减施10%处理玉米产量最高,为13578.2 kg/hm^(2);氮肥减施40%处理大豆产量最高,为1094.3 kg/hm^(2);玉米高产氮肥最佳用量为氮肥减施0~20%。效益结果表明,与CK相比,效益最高的是氮肥减施20%处理,增效414.40元/hm^(2),其次是氮肥减施10%处理,氮肥减施30%与40%处理效益较差。【结论】综合产量和效益结果,河套灌区玉米一穴双株间作大豆种植模式的最佳施氮量为减施20%处理,施氮量为336 kg/hm^(2)。
【Objective】To determine the optimum nitrogen application rate for soybean intercropping with double-plant maize in one hole in Hetao irrigation area.【Methods】Two rows of maize and three rows of soybean were intercropped.The width was 2.2 m,the spacing between maize and soybean was 60 cm.Maize planted by double-plant in one hole and soybean planted by one grain in one hole.Based on 420 kg/hm^(2)(CK)of single nitrogen fertilizer for double-plant maize in one hole,the treatments with 10%,20%,30%and 40%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer were set up to compare and analyze the maize yield,soybean yield,maize agronomic traits and other indicators among the treatments,and calculate the input-output and efficiency.【Results】The yield results show that,under the intercropping pattern of double-plant maize in one hole and soybean in Hetao irrigation area,the highest yield of maize was 13578.2 kg/hm^(2) under the treatment with 10%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer;the highest yield of soybean was 1094.3 kg/hm^(2) under the treatment with 40%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer;the optimum nitrogen application rate for high yield of maize is 0-20%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer.Compared with CK,the benefit results showed that the treatment with 20%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer had the highest benefit,with an increase of 414.40 yuan/hm^(2),followed by the 10%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer,but the treatment with 30%and 40%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer was poor benefit.【Conclusion】Comprehensive yield and benefit showed that the optimum nitrogen application rate was 336 kg/hm^(2),20%reduction of nitrogen fertilizer for soybean intercropping with double-plant maize in one hole planting pattern in Hetao irrigation area.
作者
苗三明
党久占
赵晓宇
樊秀荣
孙祥春
王雪娇
李强
张艳
张玉金
MIAO Sanming;DANG Jiuzhan;ZHAO Xiaoyu;FAN Xiurong;SUN Xiangchun;WANG Xuejiao;LI Qiang;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Yujin(Linhe District Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Linhe 015000,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)
出处
《北方农业学报》
2021年第2期31-35,共5页
Journal of Northern Agriculture
基金
内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2019CXJJN05)。
关键词
玉米
一穴双株
大豆
间作
施氮量
Maize
Double-plant in one hole
Soybean
Intercropping
Nitrogen application rate
