摘要
对于视神经鞘而言,其是视神经周围包裹的鞘膜和脑膜之间延伸出现的肿瘤,在长大后,极有可能会压迫到视神经,进而引起视力障碍。脑血管疾病、颅内炎症、颅内占位、颅脑损伤等均是导致颅内压增高十分常见的原因,在出现颅内压增高时,视神经鞘直径(optic nerve sheath diameter,ONSD)会出现增粗,所以,床旁超声检查视神经鞘直径可以无创性地评估颅内压增高。有关于国内外相关领域的研究,其对于诊断高颅压的ONSD的最佳临界值具有一定的差异,为此,建议在临床中应用此技术评估颅内压增高时,需要考虑到种族差异,并建立适合于不同种族的诊断标准。总之,超声检测ONSD具有十分广阔的临床应用价值和研究前景。该研究特对床旁超声应用到视神经鞘直径(ONSD)预测颅内压增高的各项诊断中进行了有关的综述。
For the optic nerve sheath,it is a tumor that extends between the sheath surrounding the optic nerve and the meninges.When it grows up,it is very likely to compress the optic nerve and cause visual impairment.Cerebrovascular diseases,intracranial inflammation,intracranial space-occupying,and craniocerebral injury are very common causes of increased intracranial pressure.When intracranial pressure increases,the optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD)will thicken,so bedside ultrasound examination of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath can non-invasively assess the increase in intracranial pressure.Regarding research in related fields at home and abroad,there are certain differences in the optimal cut-off value of ONSD for the diagnosis of high intracranial pressure.For this reason,we suggest that when applying this technique in clinical evaluation of increased intracranial pressure,ethnic differences should be taken into consideration,and establish diagnostic criteria suitable for different races.In short,ultrasound detection of ONSD has very broad clinical application value and research prospects.This study specifically reviewed the application of bedside ultrasound to the diagnosis of optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD)to predict increased intracranial pressure.
作者
李达
LI Da(Department of Neurology,Baise City People's Hospital,Baise,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,533000 China)
出处
《中外医疗》
2021年第12期192-195,共4页
China & Foreign Medical Treatment
关键词
床旁超声
视神经鞘直径
颅内压
Bedside ultrasound
Optic nerve sheath diameter
Intracranial pressure
