摘要
真核细胞线状染色体末端特殊结构被称为端粒,而端粒维持对于生命体来说具有十分重要的意义,其维持机制也十分复杂.端粒酶可以通过其具有的特殊逆转录酶特性,利用自身的RNA模板(TERC)以及具有催化功能的蛋白质亚基(TERT)延长端粒,维持其长度.本文着重综述端粒TERRA(telomeric repeat-containing RNA)对端粒维持的影响及其作用机制.首先介绍端粒维持与细胞存活老化之间的关系;其次,阐述TERRA的结构及其转录特性,TERRA依赖的DNA∶RNA杂合体和R-loop形成和结构特点,TERRA结合蛋白及其作用;进而讨论依赖于TERRA的端粒维护分子机制以及在生命过程中的意义.
Telomeres are the special structures at the ends of linear chromosomes in eukaryotic cells.Telomere length maintenance is very important for living organisms and its maintenance mechanism is a complex.Telomerase can maintain telomere length by using its own RNA template(TERC)and catalytic protein subunits(TERT)through special reverse transcriptase properties.This paper reviewed the effect of TERRA(telomeric repeat-containing RNA)on telomeric length maintenance and mechanism.First,the associations of telomere length maintenance with cell survival and aging were introduced.Second,the structure and transcription control of TERRA,TERRA-mediated RNA:DNA hybrids and formation of R-loop,the TERRA binding proteins and their functions were described.Further,the molecular mechanisms and roles of TERRA-depended telomere maintenance in life processes were discussed.
作者
马晴
莫日根
MA Qing;Morigen(State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation&Breeding of Grassland Livestock,School of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China)
出处
《生物化学与生物物理进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期529-540,共12页
Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金(32060016)
内蒙古大学本科一流课程建设项目(21400-12105/014)资助。
