摘要
鉴于同OD服务列车间服务的差异性与可替代性,利用票价调节不同服务水平列车间的客流量是提高列车平均客座率、增加客票票价收益的有效手段。本文将列车旅行速度、停站次数及舒适性等作为衡量列车服务水平指标,基于列车服务水平对OD间服务列车进行聚类分级;同时构造价格-需求弹性函数描述OD之间出行量与票价之间变化关系,并采用Logit模型将OD间的需求分配到各类服务列车上。在此基础上,构建以客票票价收益最大化为目标的高速铁路多类列车差异化票价与票额协同优化模型,并设计模拟退火算法进行求解。算例结果显示差异化定价方案的客票收益较既有单一定价方案提高了5.6%,表明差异化定价能有效提高列车客座率与铁路客票票价收益。
In view of the difference and substitutivity between the same OD service trains,using price strategy to adjustment service level is an effective means to balance the passengers among the trains and increase the revenue.In this paper,the train travel speed,the number of train stops,and the train comfort were used as service level evaluation indicators and quantified.Based on this,all trains in every section were clustered and classified.At the same time,the price-demand elasticity function was constructed to describe the relationship between the OD travel volume and the fare,and the Logit model was used to distribute the OD demand to various types of travel trains.On this basis,a synergistic optimization model for the differential fare and ticket amount of high-speed railway multi-class trains with the goal of maximizing ticket fare gain was proposed,and a simulated annealing algorithm was designed to solve the problem.The results of the study show that the ticket yield of the differentiated pricing strategy is 5.6%higher than the existing single pricing strategy.Therefore,the strategy of this work can effectively improve train load factor and railway ticket fare revenue.
作者
周文梁
蔡炜
刘晓航
秦进
ZHOU Wenliang;CAI Wei;LIU Xiaohang;QIN Jin(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Guangzhou Transport Planning Research Institute,Guangzhou 510000,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期869-876,共8页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1934216,71871226,U1834209)
湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JJ3698)。
关键词
高速铁路
差异化定价
票额分配
列车聚类
弹性客流
模拟退火算法
high-speed railway
differential pricing
ticket allocation
train cluster
flexible passenger flow
simulated annealing algorithm
