摘要
自动驾驶汽车虽然可以在某种程度上代替人类驾驶,具备一定的“自主性”及“学习能力”,但是其缺乏人之“理性”,也没有被拟制为法律主体的正当性价值基础,立法不宜赋予其法律人格。自动驾驶汽车引发的交通事故侵权中,必须以剥茧抽丝的方式,在区分引发事故不同缘由的前提下进行责任厘定。现行机动车交通事故责任及产品责任虽仍有一定的适用空间,但却难以企及使用人并不存在过错,产品缺陷及因果关系难以证成的情况。面对上述困境,应对产品责任举证规则等方面进行适度修葺,由生产厂商承担侵权责任。在适当情况下,由使用人承担公平责任。
With a certain degree of“autonomy”and“learning ability”,autonomous vehicles can replace human driving to a certain extent.However,they lack“rationality”and are not fictionalized as the legitimacy foundation of a legal subject.Therefore,legislation should not give it legal personality.In the infringement of traffic accidents caused by autonomous vehicles,the liability must be determined by distinguishing the different causes of the accidents.Although the existing liability for motor vehicle accidents and product liability still has a certain scope for application,it is difficult to meet the situation where the user is not at fault,and the product defect and causality are difficult to justify.In the face of the above-mentioned dilemma,appropriate amendments should be made to the product liability rules,and the manufacturer should bear the tort liability.Where appropriate,the user shall bear fair responsibility.
作者
王为林
Wang Weilin(Law School,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042)
出处
《安徽警官职业学院学报》
2020年第6期27-31,75,共6页
Journal of Anhui Vocational College of Police Officers
关键词
自动驾驶
产品责任
举证分配
公平责任
autonomous driving
product liability
distribution of evidence
fair liability
