摘要
本文从理论层面分析了数字经济发展对就业结构、就业质量的影响及其机理,并构建中国就业质量指标评价体系,实证分析了互联网和电信业、软件业、电商零售业、科学技术业发展对就业结构和就业质量的影响。研究发现:数字经济发展有助于优化就业结构,促使劳动报酬和劳动保护进一步提升;也能促进就业环境持续改善、就业能力不断增强,为实现更高质量就业提供新契机。对2008-2018年间不同省份就业质量测算后发现,中国各省份就业质量平均得分不高,但总体呈稳步上升趋势,中西部地区就业质量与东部地区仍然存在一定差距,区域分化差异较明显。数字经济发展加速了产业结构转型升级,也带动了就业结构优化和就业质量提升,其中互联网和电信业、软件业、电商零售业、科学技术业显著增加了第三产业就业比重和各省就业质量得分。因此,应大力发展数字经济,持续推动就业结构优化升级,引导劳动者向数字经济领域有序转岗就业,实现更高质量和更充分就业。
This paper analyzes the influence of digital economic development on employment structure,employment quality and the mechanism of co-development on the theoretical level.Using the provincial level panel data from 2008 to 2018,this paper constructs an evaluation system of employment quality in China and empirically analyzes the influence of Internet and telecommunication industry,software industry,e-commerce retail industry,science and technology industry on employment structure and employment quality.The research finds that the development of digital economy is conducive to the optimization and upgrading of employment structure and promotes the further improvement of labor remuneration and labor protection as well as the continuous improvement of employment environment and employment ability,which provides a new opportunity for achieving higher quality employment.According to the calculation of employment quality in different provinces,the average score of employment quality in China's provinces in 2008-2018 is not high,but the overall trend is steadily rising.There is still a certain gap in employment quality between the central and western regions and the eastern region.The development of digital economy accelerates the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure,at the same time it also leads to the optimization and upgrading of employment structure and the further improvement of employment quality.Among them,the Internet and telecommunications industry,software industry,e-commerce retail industry,science and technology industry have significantly increased the proportion of employment in the tertiary industry and the score of employment quality in various provinces.Therefore,we should vigorously develop the digital economy,continuously promote the optimization and upgrading of the employment structure,guide workers to orderly transfer to the digital economy,and achieve higher quality and more full employment in the process of the development and expansion of the digital economy.
作者
戚聿东
刘翠花
丁述磊
QI Yudong;LIU Cuihua;DING Shulei(Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China)
出处
《经济学动态》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第11期17-35,共19页
Economic Perspectives
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“技术标准与知识产权协同推进数字产业创新的机理与路径研究”(19ZDA077)
国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字经济发展对就业总量、结构及质量的影响与提升机制研究”(20CJY015)
中国博士后第68批面上项目“我国新就业形态量与质动态监测与协同治理研究”(2020M680413)。
关键词
数字经济
就业结构
就业质量
劳动力市场
Digital Economy
Employment Structure
Quality of Employment
Labour Market
