3Halliday, M. A. K. An Introduction to Functional Grammar [M]. London: Edward Arnold, 1985.
4Kress, G. & Van Leeuwen, T. Reading Images : The Gram- mar of Visual Design[M]. London: Routledge, 1996.
5Van Leeuwen, T. Speech, Music, Sound [M]. London: Macmillan, 1999.
6Van Leeuwen, T. Parametric systems: The case of voice quality [A]. In C. Jewitt (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Multimodal Analysis. [C]. London & New York: Rout- ledge ,2009 : 68 - 77.
7Callaghan, J.& E. McDonald. Expressions content and meaning in language and music: An integrated" semiotic a- nalysis [C] . M.P. Kevitt, S. 0 Nuallain & C. Mulvihilt. Language, Vision and Music. Ireland: John Benjamins, 2002 : 205 - 220.
8Martinec, R. Construction of identity in M. Jackson's jam [J]. Social Semiotics,2000, (10) : 313 - 329.
9阿达姆·沙夫.语义学引论[M].北京:商务印书馆,1979:128.
10Van Leeuwen, T. Introducing Social Semiotics [M]. Lon- don: Routledge, 2005.