摘要
我国海洋钻机设备的发展已取得一定成就,浅水海洋钻机基本实现了国内自主研制,但深水钻机设备与国外先进水平相比仍有较大差距,未能全面满足我国深水油田开发的需求。本文从浅水钻机、深水钻机、新型海洋钻机三方面分析了国内外海洋钻机设备的发展现状,总结了我国深水钻机设备技术水平发展情况、与国外先进水平的差距,研判了深水钻机设备国产化亟需突破的关键技术并提出了针对性建议。在进行国内外深水钻机关键技术对比分析的基础上,研究指出我国开展海洋钻机装备攻关应从深水钻机研制的设计、材料、工艺、检测、海上试验等方面突破。为明晰海洋钻机设备的发展路径,研究建议:建立和完善海洋钻机设备的标准规范,分类型、分阶段、分层次实施深水钻机设备的研制,建立集成测试和海上试验基地,加强行业间合作,以创新驱动多样化、系列化、自动化、智能化发展。
China has made achievements in offshore drilling equipment,and it can now develop the shallow-water drilling rigs independently.However,as far as deep-water drilling equipment is concerned,there still exists a big gap between China and the international advanced level,which inevitably hinders the deep-water oilfield development in the country.To accelerate the development of China’s offshore drilling equipment,this study first analyzes the development status of the equipment in China and abroad from three aspects:shallow-water drilling machine,deep-water drilling machine,and new-type marine drilling machine;it then summarizes the development status in China and the gap between China and the international advanced level.Subsequently,it studies the key technologies for realizing the localization of the deep-water drilling equipment,and proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.We propose that China should focus its efforts on making breakthroughs in the design,materials,technology,inspection,and sea test of the deep-water drilling rigs.To clarify the development path of the offshore drilling equipment,China should establish and improve the standards and specifications regarding offshore drilling rigs;develop different types of deep-water drilling equipment at different stages and by different levels;establish an integrated testing platform and a sea test base;strengthen inter-industry cooperation;develop this sector in an innovation-driven mode;and promote diversified,serial,automated,and intelligent development.
作者
刘健
Liu Jian(CNOOC Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China)
出处
《中国工程科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期40-48,共9页
Strategic Study of CAE
基金
中国工程院咨询项目“海洋装备发展战略研究”(2020-ZD-02)
工业和信息化部“第七代超深水钻井平台(船)创新专项”(工信部联装[2016]24号)
国家科技重大专项“深水钻完井工程技术”(2016ZX05028-001)。
关键词
海洋钻机
深水钻机
设备研制
检测
海上试验
offshore drilling rig
deep-water drilling rig
development of equipment
test
sea test
