摘要
【目的】探讨不同水肥措施对干旱区甜高粱农田土壤呼吸、硝化和反硝化作用的影响.【方法】设置不同水肥处理,采用LI-8100土壤呼吸便携式仪器对甜高粱农田进行了土壤呼吸测定,并采用气压过程分离技术(BaPS)测定了土壤总硝化和反硝化速率.【结果】甜高粱地上生物量和土壤呼吸速率随着灌溉梯度均呈逐渐增加趋势,但是土壤总硝化、反硝化速率随灌溉梯度没有表现出明显的规律.氮(N)、氮磷(NP)、氮磷钾(NPK)配施处理对甜高粱农田土壤呼吸速率和地上生物量均具有显著促进作用,同时,施N也显著促进了土壤总硝化、反硝化速率.甜高粱拔节期间,不同施肥处理下的生物量增幅表现为NPK>NP>N处理,NPK和NP处理的土壤呼吸速率平均增幅均为N处理的约2倍,说明P、K对甜高粱拔节期的生长起着重要作用,从而促进了土壤呼吸.灌溉与施肥的交互作用对甜高粱农田土壤呼吸、硝化和反硝化作用均具有显著促进作用.【结论】水肥相互作用能够显著促进干旱区甜高粱农田的土壤呼吸、硝化和反硝化作用,为温室气体排放的准确预测和合理安排农业管理措施奠定了试验基础.
【Objective】To investigate effects of irrigation and fertilizer application on soil respiration,nitrification and denitrification in sweet sorghum field.【Method】Different irrigation and fertilization treatments were set.Soil respiration rates were measured by using LI-8100 portable soil respiration measurement system,and gross nitrification and denitrification rates were determined by using a barometric process separation method.【Result】The aboveground biomass of sweet sorghum and soil respiration rates increased gradually with the irrigation gradient.However,the rates of gross nitrification and denitrification did not show obvious regularity with irrigation gradient.Nitrogen(N),nitrogen-phosphorus(NP)and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium(NPK)treatment significantly promoted soil respiration rates and aboveground biomass of sweet sorghum.Meanwhile,N application significantly promoted the rates of gross nitrification and denitrification.During the jointing stage of sweet sorghum,the increasing order of biomass under different fertilization treatments was NPK>NP>N,and the average increasing rate of soil respiration of NPK and NP treatments was about 2 times of that of N treatments,which indicated that P and K played an important role in the growth of sweet sorghum at jointing stage,thus promoting soil respiration.The interaction between irrigation and fertilizer application had significantly positive effect on soil respiration,gross nitrification and denitrification rates.【Conclusion】It is suggested that irrigation and fertilizer measures have an important positive impact on soil respiration,nitrification and denitrification of sweet sorghum farmland in arid area,which lays the experimental foundation for accurate prediction of greenhouse gas emissions and reasonable arrangement of agricultural management measures.
作者
孟阳阳
刘冰
康建军
MENG Yang-yang;LIU Bing;KANG Jian-jun(Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,Chinese Ecosystem Network Research,Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《甘肃农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期67-76,共10页
Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划专题项目(2017YFC0504305-01)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41771038)。
关键词
甜高粱农田
土壤呼吸
硝化作用
反硝化作用
灌溉
施肥
sweet sorghum farmland
soil respiration
nitrification
denitrification
irrigation
fertilizer application
