摘要
通过分析处于不同水电开发程度江段的鱼类群落结构特征,探究在梯级水电开发下影响鱼类群落的主要环境驱动因子,为金沙江下游相关水电工程的生态环境效应评价和管理建议提供理论支撑。2017年春季和秋季在金沙江下游乌东德水电站至向家坝水电站坝下江段,应用多网目复合刺网进行鱼类群落定量研究,分析鱼类多样性特征以及鱼类群落与环境因子的关系。鱼类调查结果表明,乌东德、白鹤滩江段与溪洛渡、向家坝江段鱼类群落有明显差异:保持峡谷激流型生境的乌东德和白鹤滩江段鱼类组成以土著特有鱼类为主,优势种为喜流水的圆口铜鱼(C.guichenoti)、泉水鱼(P.procheilus)、犁头鳅(L.fimbriata);已成库区生境的溪洛渡和向家坝江段鱼类组成多为长江中下游常见种类,优势种为喜静水缓流的歺又鱼(H.leucisculus)、飘鱼(P.sinensis)、似鱎(T.wwinhonis)。典范对应分析结果表明,影响金沙江下游鱼类群落结构的主要环境驱动因子包括水深、总固体悬浮物、电导率、pH和水温等。溪洛渡、向家坝江段与乌东德、白鹤滩江段生境差异显著,表现为溪洛渡、向家坝江段平均流速显著低于乌东德、白鹤滩江段,而平均水深则相反。
The fish community and associated environmental driving factors were investigated as cascaded hydropower stations were developed in the lower Jinsha River.The objectives were to assess the environ-mental effects of hydropower station development and provide data to support effective management of the ecological environment.Field investigations were conducted during the spring(May)and fall(October)of 2017.Water quality parameters were measured and fish were sampled using gillnets with different mesh si-zes.Transects were set in reaches above and below each of the four cascaded dams on the lower Jinsha Riv-er:the Wudongde and Baihetan hydropower dams under construction,and the Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba hy-dropower stations in operation.Multiple statistical analysis methods were used to detect fish biodiversity patterns and the relationships among fish community composition and environmental factors.The fish community in the Wudongde and Baihetan reaches,where the river flows freely(lotic system),were sig-nificantly different from those in the Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba reaches,where impoundment has created res-ervoirs(lentic system).In the canyon lotic reaches,the collected specimens were primarily indigenous and endemic fish species that prefer flowing water and the dominant species were C.guichenoti,P.procheilus and L.fimbriata.In the lentic reservoirs most of the fish were species common in the middle and lower Yangtze River that prefer quiescent or slow flowing water and the dominant species were H.leucisculus,P.sinensis,and T.wwinhonis.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)between fish community com-position and the environment factors indicated that water depth,total suspended solids(TSS),conductivi-ty,pH and water temperature were the key environmental driving factors affecting the fish communities of the lower Jinsha River.These results will support development of management strategies for conserving fishery resources and biodiversity in the lower Jinsha River.
作者
屈霄
郭传波
熊芳园
辛未
陈宇顺
苏巍
QU Xiao;GUO Chuan-bo;XIONG Fang-yuan;XIN Wei;CHEN Yu-shun;SU Wei(Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes,Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute,China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443100,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期46-56,共11页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
三峡工程鱼类资源保护湖北省重点实验室开放课题(Y641291201)
中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-ZS-2017-3-2)
中国科学院百人计划项目(Y62302)。
关键词
金沙江
梯级电站
鱼类群落
环境驱动因子
Jinsha River
cascaded dams
fish communities
environmental driving factors
