摘要
经济发展与环境保护的矛盾一直是困扰工业化的世界性难题,中国面临着快速工业化的绿色转型重大挑战。依据约束条件和增长目标的差异,中国经历了以快速增长为特征的工业化初期和以绿色转型为特征的工业化中后期两个阶段。工业化初期采取了赶超战略、比较优势战略和经济优先战略,其结果是工业经济快速增长的同时存在着粗放发展、低端锁定、政企合谋、路径依赖等绿色转型困境。随着工业化进入中后期,经济新常态倒逼工业化进入绿色转型阶段,政府从供给侧结构性改革、技术变迁、政绩考核等着手,实现了工业化绿色转型的破题。本文的启示在于:工业化绿色转型可加快"环境库兹涅茨曲线"拐点到来;技术变迁和政绩考核是促进工业化绿色转型的重要因素;政府与市场的有效结合可促进工业化绿色转型。"十四五"时期,我国工业化绿色转型需进一步壮大绿色制造、建立绿色技术标准、构建绿色市场机制。
There has always been a contradiction between economic development and environmental protection in the process of industrialization.China is facing the great challenge of green transformation of rapid industrialization.Based on the differences of constraints and growth objectives,this paper finds that China has experienced two stages:the early stage of industrialization characterized by rapid growth and the middle and late stage of industrialization characterized by green transformation.In the early stage of industrialization,China has adopted catch-up strategy,comparative advantage strategy and economic priority strategy,which caused several green development dilemmas such as extensive development,low-end locking,government-enterprise collusion,and path dependence.With the late stage of industrialization,economic development enters a new normal.China seizes the important opportunity of the new technological revolution,implement supply-side structural reform,which promotes the green transformation of China’s industrialization,and promotes economic development and environmental protection.It has contributed to the transformation of global industrial civilization to ecological civilization.During the"14 th Five-Year Plan"period,China’s industrialization green transformation needs to further expand green manufacturing,establish green technology standards,and build green market mechanism.
作者
刘磊
夏勇
LIU Lei;XIA Yong(Economics Teaching and Research Department,Party School of Zhejiang provincial Committe of CPC,Hangzhou 311121,China;School of lnternational Business and Economics,Nanjing Univesity of Finance and Economics,Nanjing 210046,China)
出处
《经济体制改革》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期108-114,共7页
Reform of Economic System
关键词
工业化
绿色发展
生态文明
经济发展方式转型
industrialization
green development
ecological civilization
transformation of economic development mode
