摘要
在不同社会地位的人际交往中,个体会对自己与他人的社会地位进行无意识比较,由此产生人际位差心理,并诱发上位情绪或下位情绪。实验以研究生作为被试,以“职业性向访谈”任务为非上下级关系情境,被试在实验中需要接受3个不同社会地位的人的访谈(被试内变量),他们的社会地位分别高于、相当于和低于被试。实验结果显示:被试在接受公司职员访谈时具有优越感体验(上位情绪),而接受高校领导访谈时体验到焦虑情绪(下位情绪);在情绪感染方面,访谈员的微笑均能感染被试,且当访谈员为高校领导时对被试的感染力最大。这表明,社会上、下位心理在非上下级关系中也可出现,具有情境泛化性;高地位者的微笑更具有感染力,可以部分消除低地位者的下位情绪。
In the interpersonal communication of individuals from different social status,they will unconsciously compare their social status with others resulting in interpersonal social position difference psychology,thus inducing either upper or lower emotions.In the experiment,graduate students were selected as subjects,and the task of “professional orientation interview”was carried out in the non superior-subordinate relationship situation.The subjects were interviewed by three people with different social status(internal variables of the subjects),higher,equal to and lower than the subjects.The results show that the subjects have superior experience(superior emotion)when interviewed by company staff,experience anxiety(inferior emotion)when interviewed by university leaders.In terms of emotional influence,interviewers smiles can affect the subjects.When the interviewers are leaders of colleges and universities,they have the greatest influence on the subjects,which shows that social superior and inferior psychology appears in the non superior-subordinate relationship,with the characteristics of situation generalization.Smile of people with high social status is more influential,which can partially eliminate the inferior emotion of low status persons.
作者
张奇勇
ZHANG Qiyong(School of Educational Science,Yangzhou university,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225002)
出处
《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2020年第6期104-113,共10页
Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“课堂教学的情绪感染模式研究”(19FJKB016)
扬州大学“青蓝工程”项目
扬州大学工会工作调研课题(2019YB04)。
关键词
上位心理
下位心理
上位情绪
下位情绪
情绪感染
superior psychology
inferior psychology
superior emotion
inferior emotion
emotion influence
