摘要
中国地下水资源发生了显著变化,全面摸清地下水资源演变趋势及其影响因素是治理和管理地下水资源的基础。基于全国水资源调查评价、中国水资源公报等资料,对中国60余年来地下水资源的演变规律与影响因素进行了系统分析。结果表明:全国地下水资源量总体稳定,但区域演变趋势差异明显,海河区、辽河区、黄河区呈明显衰减态势;地下水补给结构发生重大变化,由自然补给演变为自然与人工补给并存的模式;地下水排泄结构发生巨大变异,由天然排泄逐渐演变为以人工排泄为主。海河区、松花江区、黄河区、西北诸河区等区域地下水补给排泄关系严重失衡,超采问题突出;降水变化、下垫面条件改变、人类活动干扰是地下水资源变化的主要原因。
Groundwater resources have experienced significant changes in China in the past few decades.It is of significance to fully understand of the evolution trends and influencing factors of groundwater resources for groundwater management.Based on the data from National Water Resources Survey and China Water Resources Bulletin,the evolution trends and affecting factors of groundwater resources over past 60 years were investigated intensively.The results show that the quantity of groundwater resources has not changed a lot at the national level,but changes do occur in different areas in China;for instance,the groundwater resources of Haihe River basin,Liaohe River basin and Yellow River basin have dramatically shrunk.The recharge of groundwater has been increasingly influenced by human activities and artificial recharge has formed an important source for groundwater.More and more groundwater is discharged through human extraction while the discharge to river and evaporation from phreatic water decline.Additionally,the discharge of groundwater has already exceeded the recharge in Haihe River basin,Songhuajiang River basin,Yellow River basin and Northwest River basin,causing the imbalance of groundwater budget and overexploitation within these areas.Changes in precipitation,land surface conditions,and human activities were found as the main affecting factors for the evolution trends of groundwater resources.
作者
陈飞
徐翔宇
羊艳
丁跃元
郦建强
李原园
CHEN Fei;XU Xiangyu;YANG Yan;DING Yueyuan;LI Jianqiang;LI Yuanyuan(Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute,Beijing 100120,China)
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期811-819,共9页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0406505)。
关键词
地下水资源
演变趋势
补排结构
人类活动
groundwater resources
evolution trend
recharge and discharge structure
human activities
