摘要
1.Introduction Electronic sports(Esports),viewed as competitive and organized video gaming,1 are becoming accepted as a form of sports.2-4 Many digital video games associated with Esports are played through various platforms(e.g.,computers,consoles,mobile,streaming,or virtual reality)5 and involve either simulating competitive sports(motion-based)or combative(actionbased)activities.2 Esports have been around for more than 20 years1 and continue to thrive economically as a highly profitable gaming industry.2,6 Thanks to the advances in digital media and online game-streaming or cloud gaming technologies,there has been a rapid increase,on a global scale,in the popularity of Esports worldwide,6 evidenced by the exponential growth in participation,media coverage,viewership,sponsorship,and commercialization.
