摘要
针对河西走廊地区水肥利用效率低、膜下滴灌灌水技术参数尚待改进的现状,在河西走廊地区进行了不同灌水技术参数下的玉米田间试验,探究不同灌水技术参数下玉米耗水量、产量及水分利用效率的变化规律,试验设置了不同的滴头流量(2.0、2.5、3.0 L/h)和灌水频率(6、8、10、12、14 d)。通过试验研究发现,玉米耗水量随着灌水频率的降低呈现先增大后减小又增大的趋势,大滴头流量低频灌溉会使耗水量有所增加。耗水量随着滴头流量的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。玉米产量和水分利用效率随着灌水频率的降低呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在8~10 d的灌水频率时达到最大值。玉米产量和水分利用效率在2.5 L/h滴头流量下均处于较低水平,水分利用效率随着滴头流量的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势。因此,在灌水频率较高(6~8 d)或较低(14 d)时,宜选用2.0或2.5 L/h的滴灌带,在中等频率(10~12 d)灌溉时,宜选用3.0 L/h的滴灌带。
Water and fertilizer utilization efficiency in Hexi Corridor is low and the technical parameters of drip irrigation under mulch film need to be improved. In view of this situation,maize field experiments under different irrigation technical parameters were carried out in Hexi Corridor area to explore the changing law of yield,water consumption,and water use efficiency. Different dripper discharges (2. 0 L/h,2. 5 L/h,and 3. 0 L/h) and irrigation frequencies (6 d,8 d,10 d,12 d,and 14 d) were set. According to the experiment results’ it was found that the water consumption of maize showed a trend of increase-decrease-increase with the decrease of irrigation frequency. Low-frequency irrigation with large dripper discharge would increase water consumption. With the increase of the dripper discharge,the water consumption showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. With the decrease of irrigation frequency,maize yield and water use efficiency increased first and then decreased with the maximum value occurring after 8-10 days’ irrigation. Maize yield and water use efficiency were both at a low level under the 2. 5 L/h dripper discharge,and the water use efficiency decreased first and then increased with the increase of the dripper discharge. Therefore,when the irrigation frequency is relatively high (6-8 d) or low (14 d),the drip irrigation belt of 2. 0 L/h or 2. 5 L/h should be selected. When irrigating at a medium frequency (10-12 d),the drip irrigation belt of 3. 0 L/h should be selected.
作者
李德智
佟玲
吴宣毅
马冬青
杨胜举
王璐
郑静
LI Dezhi;TONG Ling;WU Xuanyi;MA Dongqing;YANG Shengju;WANG Lu;ZHENG Jing(Center for Agriculural Water Research in China,China Agricultural University,Bejing 100083,China;Wuvei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculure,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuvei 733000,China)
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
CSCD
2020年第4期208-215,共8页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503125)。
关键词
滴头流量
灌水频率
耗水
产量
水分利用效率
玉米
drip discharge
irrigation frequency
water consumption
yield
water use efficiency
maize
