摘要
噪声压制一直以来都是地震资料处理的重要议题之一.不考虑接收端的影响,则可认为地震记录中的有效信号来自于地下介质对震源子波的响应.从时间域上看,不同时段的信噪比是不一样的,通常是浅层的信噪比较高,深层的信噪比较低;从频率域上看,不同频段的信噪比也是不一样的,一般是震源子波主频附近的频段信噪比较高.因此可根据震源子波振幅谱特征来设计一种纯振幅滤波器.通过对合成地震记录的处理和定量分析,以及对两个海上单道地震资料的处理应用,其中实际资料处理采用的震源子波提取自地震记录中的直达波,结果表明,基于震源子波振幅谱特征设计的滤波器能在海洋地震资料的处理工作中取得预期效果.
Noise suppression has always been one of the important topics in seismic data processing.Regardless of the influence of the receiver,the effective signal in the seismic record can be considered to be the response of the subsurface medium to the source wavelet.From the time domain,the SNR is different in different time periods.Usually,the SNR in the shallow layer is relatively high,and the SNR in the deep layer is relatively low.And from the frequency domain,the SNR of different frequency bands is also not the same.Generally,the frequency band near the main frequency of the source wavelet is relatively high.Therefore,a pure amplitude filter can be designed according to the characteristics of the source wavelet amplitude spectrum.Through the processing and quantitative analysis of synthetic seismic records,and the application of two marine single-channel seismic data,where the source wavelets used in the actual data processing are extracted from the direct waves in the seismic records.The results show that the custom filter designed based on the amplitude spectrum of source wavelet can achieve the desired results in the marine seismic data processing.
作者
郑江龙
ZHENG Jiang-long(Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xiamen 361005,China)
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期2040-2046,共7页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
福建省自然科学基金(2018J01063)
自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项(海三科2018033)联合资助.
关键词
子波振幅谱
频域滤波
地震资料处理
滤波器设计
Amplitude spectrum of wavelet
Frequency domain filtering
Seismic data processing
Filter design
