摘要
采用固体电解质的固态锂电池具有实现高能量密度和高安全性的潜力,在新能源汽车和可穿戴电子设备领域的应用大有可为.石榴石型Li_7La_3Zr_2O_(12)(LLZO)固体电解质具有高离子电导率和对锂稳定等特点,是当下最受人瞩目的固体电解质材料之一.本文从物理的角度,探讨热力学和动力学两种因素对LLZO电化学稳定性的影响,离子界面输运机理及其在陶瓷和复合电解质中的应用.针对固态锂电池突出的界面问题,从界面匹配、电荷转移、体积应变、热量传递等方面,讨论固态锂电池循环寿命和实际安全性,给出构建理想界面的关键因素.最后,从电极、电解质和电池结构设计等方面分析如何构建高能量密度的固态锂电池电芯.本文希望通过对LLZO最新理论和实验研究成果的分析总结,阐明石榴石型固态锂电池中的关键物理问题,为高性能固态锂电池的发展提供依据.
Solid-state lithium batteries with solid electrolytes have the potential to achieve high energy density and safety,which promise to be used in the electric vehicles and wearable devices.The garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12(LLZO)has attracted a great deal of attention due to its high ionic conductivity and good chemical stability to lithium metal.Here in this paper,based on recent progress,this review provides a fundamental understanding of garnet-based electrolytes by evaluating the thermodynamic/kinetics stability and analyzing the Li+conduction mechanism of ceramics and composite garnet electrolytes.To address the key factors influencing the cyclability and safety of solid-state batteries,the rational design of solid electrolyte/electrode interfaces is discussed in terms of interface matching,charge transfer,strain/stress,thermal stability,etc.Finally,the design guidelines of high-energy-density solid-state batteries are introduced by analyzing the fabrication of electrodes,solid electrolyte and bipolar current collectors.Through the above discussion,this review provides an insight into the physical parameters affecting the performance of garnet-based electrolytes and interfaces,to guide one in carrying on more target-oriented researches of developing high-performance solid-state batteries.
作者
赵宁
穆爽
郭向欣
Zhao Ning;Mu Shuang;Guo Xiang-Xin(College of Physics,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)
出处
《物理学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第22期181-198,共18页
Acta Physica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(批准号:2018YFB0104300)
国家自然科学基金(批准号:U1932205,51771222,52002197,22005163)
山东省自然科学基金(批准号:ZR2017BEM038)
中国博士后科学基金(批准号:2018M632617)
山东省泰山学者(批准号:ts201712035)
青岛市创业创新领军人才(批准号:193210zhc)资助的课题。
关键词
固态电池
石榴石型固体电解质
电解质/电极界面
固态电芯设计
solid-state batteries
garnet-based solid electrolytes
electrolyte/electrode interfaces
solid-state battery design
