摘要
学前教育是终身学习的起点,确保学前教育机会公平对个体、社会和国家起着重要作用。比较分析OECD国家和中国学前教育的入学率、经费支出和师资三类学前教育机会的9个指标表明,中国与OECD国家的学前教育发展存在较大的差距。父母受教育程度和社会经济地位在很大程度上影响了学前儿童的入学。基于此,建议中国将0—3岁早期学前教育纳入教育总体规划中;将学前教育一年纳入义务教育,提高学前教育入学率;增加并均衡学前教育公共经费;提升学前教师的数量和质量;加强对弱势儿童的关注,提升学前教育的公益性。
Early childhood education is the starting point of lifelong learning.It is of great importance for individuals,the society and the nation to ensure equal access to early childhood education.This paper compares and analyzes nine indicators of three kinds of early childhood educational opportunity,i.e.enrollment rates,expenditure and teaching staff.Results show that there is a big gap between China and the OECD countries in the development of early childhood education.Educational attainments and socio-economic status of parents largely influence the enrollment of preschool children.Therefore,it is suggested that China should include early childhood education for 0-3 year olds in its overall education plan;include one year of early childhood education in the compulsory education to increase the enrollment rate of early childhood education;increase and balance public funding for early childhood education;improve the quantity and quality of early childhood education teachers;attach more attention to the disadvantaged children;and enhance the early childhood education as a part of public welfare.
作者
邓莉
彭正梅
DENG Li;PENG Zhengmei(Institute of International and Comparative Education,Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)
出处
《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期62-74,共13页
Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)
基金
黄忠敬教授主持的国家社科基金教育学重大项目“中国与OECD教育发展主要指标及发展趋势比较研究”(VDA160002)的研究成果。
关键词
学前教育
OECD国家
教育公平
教育指标
early childhood education
OECD countries
equity in education
education indicators
