摘要
介绍了高性能钢结构若干重要概念,指出高性能钢结构应满足承载性好、承灾性好和施工性好要求。而承载性好的钢结构应在确定的条件下具有较好的使用功能和较大的承载能力;承灾性好的钢结构应在罕遇的大地震下不发生整体结构倒塌,以及在可能发生的火灾、爆炸作用下产生的结构局部破坏不会引起结构的连续性倒塌;而施工性好的钢结构应便于制作与安装,减少施工工期与成本。还提出了高性能钢结构相关重要概念的实现方法,指出高承载性钢结构可以从采用高强结构钢材料、高承载结构构件和高效结构体系3个方面加以实现;另将传统钢结构地震下易屈服的构件(部件)替换为消能-承载双功能构件是提高钢结构抗震性能的有效方法,而加强结构的整体性(包括保证楼板的整体性和刚度、保证梁柱连接的强度和转动能力、加强角柱和边柱等),可以大大提高钢结构抵抗火灾、爆炸、撞击等偶然作用下抗连续性倒塌的能力;此外通过采用轧制型钢构件、现场螺栓连接可提高钢结构的施工性,并可通过抗侧结构与承重结构分离的方式提高钢结构现场螺栓连接的可实现性。
A number of important concepts on high-performance steel structures are introduced in this paper.It is indicated that high-performance steel structures need to possess the characteristics of high capacity to bear loads and to resist disasters,and high feasibility for construction.High load-bearing steel structures should bear high capacity for service and supporting loads.High-performance steel structures for disaster resistance should bear high capacity for collapse prevention on overall structures subjected to extreme earthquakes,fire and explosion.While high constructionfeasibility steel structures should be easily fabricated and erected.The realization of high-performance steel structures is also proposed in this paper.It is pointed that the realization of high load-bearing steel structures can be achieved by employing high-strength steel,high load-bearing structural elements and high-efficiency structural system.The effective way to realize high-performance steel structures for earthquake resistance is to replace the structural elements with bi-functional elements of energy dissipation and load-bearing.While the effective way to realize high-performance steel structures for fire and blast resistance is to guarantee the structural integrality with ensuring the integrality of floor slabs and strengthening beam-to-column connections,perimeter columns and corner columns.Finally,the hot-rolled steel for fabrication and bolted connection for erection is recommended to increase the construction feasibility of steel structures and separation of structural systems to respectively resist lateral and vertical actions is also recommended to increase the applicability of bolted connection for erection of steel structures.
作者
李国强
LI Guoqiang(State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;College of Civil Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092.China)
出处
《建筑钢结构进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期1-18,共18页
Progress in Steel Building Structures
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC07012)。
关键词
高性能
钢结构
承载性
承灾性
施工性
概念
实现方法
high-performance
steel structure
load-bearing capacity
disaster-resisting capacity
constructability
concept
implementation method
