摘要
皮特·高德菲-史密斯是美国著名的生物学哲学家,他从杂交繁殖和繁殖竞争两种因果关系为切入点,区分了最小意义的、典范的达尔文式群体和边缘的达尔文式群体,同时在空间表征法的基础上,讨论了性状群体结构和邻域群体结构。这两种结构都可以解释利他主义行为的演变,但是邻域结构面临着群体选择不能在其中运行的挑战。高德菲-史密斯认为在情境分析的解释下,邻域结构可以在群体选择中运行,只不过它改变了传统的群体选择概念,另外,不是所有的利他主义进化模式都必须包含传统的性状群体结构。
Peter Godfrey-Smith is a famous American philosopher of biology.He distinguished paradigm,minimal and marginal Darwinian populations from the perspective of interbreeding and reproductive competition.Based on the spatial representation method,trait-group structure and neighbor structure were discussed.This paper holds that both structures can explain the evolution of altruistic behavior,but it faces the challenge that group selection can't operate in neighbor structure populations.Peter Godfrey-Smith thinks that neighbor structure can operate in group selection under the interpretation of contextual analysis,but it changes the traditional concept of group selection.At the same time,not all altruistic evolutionary models must include traditional trait-group structures.
作者
张秋芝
ZHANG Qiuzhi(School of Philosophy,Research Center for Value and Culture,Collaborative Innovation Center for Core Socialist Values,Beijing Normal University)
出处
《当代中国价值观研究》
2020年第1期85-93,共9页
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“生物哲学重要问题研究”(14ZDB171)的阶段性成果。
关键词
性状群体结构
邻域结构
利他主义
空间表征法
trait-group structure
neighbor structure
Altruism
spatial representation
