摘要
根据黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展这一重大国家战略的目标要求,梳理了当前黄河流域生态保护中存在的突出问题,从科学研究的角度,探讨了针对生态保护问题亟须开展的研究课题,并在此基础上初步提出了黄河流域生态保护的对策与建议。黄河流域生态保护中的突出问题为:黄河源区生态退化问题仍未根本解决;黄河上游农业面源污染仍未有效治理;黄河中游水土流失治理任务依然艰巨;黄河下游及河口地区生态系统质量有待提升;黄河流域生态流量保障程度亟待提高;黄河流域水生态水环境问题不容乐观。针对这些问题,亟须在生态保护配置格局、水源涵养能力、水生态环境修复、水生态环境承载力、新兴污染物及流域生态补偿机制等方面开展相关的理论分析和技术研究,同时,加强战略层面研究、加快流域河湖岸线确权划界工作、实施生态水量统一调度、做好黄河文化支撑、推进黄河立法,多措并举,确保黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展重大国家战略稳步推进。
According to the targets and requirements for the great strategy of ecological conservation and high⁃quality development of the Yellow River Basin,the encountered problems on the ecological conservation of the Yellow River Basin had been sorted out.From scientific perspective,this article addressed the researching orientation on ecological conservation and put forward tentative measurements and sugges⁃tions.The outstanding issues in protecting the Yellow River Basin are that ecological degradation still exists in the source of the Yellow River;non⁃point source pollution is not properly resolved in the upper Yellow River;the task of soil erosion control is still arduous in the middle rea⁃ches of the Yellow River;the ecological system of the lower Yellow River and estuary is to be improved;guarantee degree of ecological flow in overall basin urgently needs to be improved and the aquatic ecology and environment issues of the basin are not optimistic.Theoretical a⁃nalysis and technical research are needed to be carried out to solve the mentioned issues in the following aspects:Spatial distribution of eco⁃logical and environmental conservation,improvement of water conservation capacity,water environment restoration and improvement,aquatic ecology environment carrying capacity,emerging contaminants and eco⁃compensation mechanism etc.Meanwhile,strengthen the research on strategic level,promote to clear assignment of responsibility basing on dividing the river and lake shoreline of the basin,implement the inte⁃grated water regulation,do a good job in the cultural support of the Yellow River,promote the legislation of the Yellow River and ensure the steady progress of ecological conservation and high⁃quality development of the Yellow River Basin.
作者
郜国明
田世民
曹永涛
王司阳
GAO Guoming;TIAN Shimin;CAO Yongtao;WANG Siyang(Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Eco-Environment,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第9期112-116,共5页
Yellow River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508404)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51979120)
黄科院基本科研业务费项目(HKY-JBYW-2020-22,HKY-JBYW-2020-33)。
关键词
生态保护
高质量发展
科技问题
对策
黄河流域
ecological conservation
high⁃quality development
science and technology issues
proposals and measurements
Yellow River Basin
