摘要
黄河是中华民族的母亲河、中华文明的重要发源地。黄河流域地处气候湿润-干旱过渡带,其天然禀赋决定了水资源先天不足且时空分布极其不均,无序用水和气候变化等的叠加影响曾使黄河干流发生罕见的断流现象,未来水资源短缺态势将更加突显,缺水是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展面临的最大挑战。为解决缺水问题,揭示了黄河流域作为湿润-干旱过渡带典型流域,其水循环对气候变化的高度敏感性,阐释了近年来黄河中游植被恢复对径流和蒸发等水循环过程的影响,评估了基流补给对于黄河流域水资源的重要性,指出如何落实空间均衡理念、实施引水补源(包括南水北调西线工程)和科学调水是当前解决黄河缺水问题需要重点研究的课题。
The Yellow River is the mother river of the Chinese nation and the cradle of Chinese civilization.The Yellow River Basin is located in the humid⁃arid transition zone.Its natural characteristics determine the shortage and uneven distribution of water resources.The superim⁃posed influence of disorderly water use and climate change has caused zero flow phenomena in the mainstream of the Yellow River.The water shortage situation will become more prominent in the future.Water shortage is the biggest challenge facing the ecological protection and high⁃quality development of the Yellow River Basin.In order to solve the problem of water shortage,we revealed that the Yellow River Basin is a typical watershed in the humid⁃arid transition zone and its water cycle is highly sensitive to climate change.We discussed the impact of vege⁃tation restoration in the middle reaches of the Yellow River on water cycle such as runoff and evaporation in recent years and assessed the im⁃portance of base flow recharge to the water resources of the Yellow River Basin.We pointed out the key research topics that need to be studied to solve the water shortage problem of the Yellow River,including conducting the concept of spatial balance,carrying out water diversion pro⁃ject(the West Route of the South⁃to⁃North Water Transfer Project)and scientific water diversion.
作者
刘昌明
刘小莽
田巍
谢佳鑫
LIU Changming;LIU Xiaomang;TIAN Wei;XIE Jiaxin(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第9期6-9,共4页
Yellow River
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41922050)。
关键词
生态保护
高质量发展
缺水
引水补源
黄河流域
ecological protection
high⁃quality development
water shortage
water diversion to supplement the source
Yellow River Basin
