摘要
旨在查明引起我国奶牛主要养殖区乳房炎的病原菌区系分布及流行株对抗生素的耐药情况,为提高奶牛乳房炎防控提供参考。对326份临床型乳房炎样品进行细菌的分离、鉴定,用药敏纸片法对检出率较高的5种病原菌进行抗生素敏感性检测。结果共分离出54种263株菌,奶样中细菌总检出率为84.36%,与奶牛乳房炎密切相关的病原菌19种共214株,病原菌检出率为81.37%。检出率较高的前5种病原菌分别是大肠杆菌(29.28%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(8.75%)、产色葡萄球菌(6.84%)、沙雷氏菌(4.56%)和屎肠球菌(2.66%)。药敏实验结果显示,大肠杆菌对氯霉素、氨苄西林和阿莫西林克拉维酸等耐药严重,耐药率为60%~100%;金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G、红霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率均为100%;沙雷氏菌和屎肠球菌的耐药谱基本一致;产色葡萄球菌对庆大霉素、红霉素、四环素和克林霉素等高度敏感,敏感率为67%~100%。说明乳房炎主要病原菌对临床上常用的抗生素均产生了不同程度的耐药性,临床给药时应交叉用药,并定期进行药物敏感性检测,减少耐药菌株的产生。
The aim of the present studywas to find out the distribution of pathogens causing bovine mastitis and antimicrobial resistance of dominant strains to antibiotics in major dairy cow breeding areas in China,and to provide scientific basis for improving the prevention and control effect of bovine mastitis.326 milk samples of dairy cows with clinicalmastitis were used to isolation and identification of bacteria,and subsequently antimicrobial susceptibility testing of five pathogens with higher frequency was performed by the disk diffusion method.A total of 54 species of 263 strains were isolated,and the incidence of bacteria in milk samples was 84.36%.Meanwhile,there were 19 species of 214 strains closely related to bovine mastitis,and the frequency of pathogens was 81.37%.The 5 dominant pathogens were Escherichia coli(29.28%),Staphylococcus aureus(8.75%),Staphylococcus chromogenes(6.84%),Serratia(4.56%)and Enterococcus faecium(2.66%),respectively.The antimicrobial resistance results showed that E.coli had severe resistance to chloramphenicol,ampicillin andamoxicillin clavulanicacid,and the resistance rate was up to 60%~100%.The antimicrobial resistance of S.aureus to penicillin G,erythromycin and ciprofloxacin all was 100%.The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Serratia and E.faecium were basically the same,and S.chromogenes was highly sensitive to gentamicin,erythromycin,tetracycline and clin-damycin,with a sensitivity rate of 67%~100%.The results showed the main mastitis-causing pathogens had different degrees of antimicrobial resistance to the commonly used antibiotics in clinical setting.The antimicrobial agents should be cross-administered during clinical administration,and antimicrobial susceptibility should be performed regularly to reduce the resistance.
作者
张行
李新圃
严勇
周玉龙
马进祥
王旭荣
李宏胜
ZHANG Hang;LI Xinpu;YAN Yong;ZHOU Yulong;MA Jinxiang;WANG Xurong;LI Hongsheng(Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Discovery,Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China)
出处
《中兽医医药杂志》
2020年第4期5-9,共5页
Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31802232)
国家重点研发项目“畜禽群发普通病防控技术研究”(2017Y FD0502200)
中国农业科学院奶牛疾病研究创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2014-LIHPS-03)。
关键词
奶牛乳房炎
病原菌
耐药
检出率
Bovine mastitis
pathogen
antimicrobial resistance
frequency
