摘要
美国的社区学院(Community College)是美国教育体系的重要组成部分,提供两年制的初级高等教育。一直以来,完善的立法资助体系为社区学院的发展提供了多元化的财政支持,并日益出现由以联邦政府为主到以各州和地方政府为主的转变,同时,各州政府的高等教育治理模式影响了社区学院经费的来源和划拨方式。总的来说,美国社区学院的融资模式具有来源形式多样、注重开源节流和产教融合、政策保障措施完备等特征。文章从美国社区学院经费投入政策的历史演变、经费管理体制和趋势入手,分析了其多元化融资模式的特征和优势以及对于社区学院提升入学率、保障就业、服务社区经济发展等方面的影响。
American community colleges are an important part of the American education system,providing two-year primary higher education.For a long time,the perfect legislative subsidy system has provided diversified financial support for the development of community colleges,and there is a growing shift from the federal government to the state and the local government.At the same time,the higher education governance model of state governments has affected the source and allocation of funds for community colleges.Generally speaking,the financing modes of American community colleges have the characteristics of diverse and open sources and cost-saving,and also complete policy safeguards.Starting with the historical evolution of the funding policy,the funding management system and the trend of American community colleges,this paper analyses the characteristics and advantages of their diversified financing modes,as well as their impact on improving the enrollment rate,ensuring employment and serving the development of community economy.
作者
李淑君
胡彰
LI Shu-jun;HU Zhang(Wuhan Railway Vocational College of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430205,China)
出处
《湖北开放职业学院学报》
2020年第16期16-19,共4页
Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College
基金
湖北省教育科学规划2019年度项目“基于比较视域的职业教育多元筹资模式研究”阶段性研究成果(项目编号:2019GB155)。
关键词
美国社区学院
融资模式
职业教育
American community colleges
financing models
vocational education
