摘要
目的探讨安徽省非洲务工回国人员的疟疾感染危险因素。方法2018年1月-2019年12月,采用病例对照研究方法,对安徽省赴非洲务工回国人员疟疾感染危险因素进行问卷调查。以归国后是否发病为结局变量,运用单因素和多因素Logistic回归进行分析。结果共完成调查396人,其中病例组132人,对照组264人。病例组男性129人、女性3人,对照组男性257人、女性7人,两组性别比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病例组平均年龄(43.74±9.16)岁,对照组平均年龄(45.05±7.92)岁,差异无统计学意义(t=1.472,P>0.05)。单因素分析发现年龄、文化程度、职业、国外居住地类型、所住房子类型、周边生态环境、防蚊措施、户外活动时间、出国后疟疾知识培训是疟疾感染的影响因素。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,与对照组相比,修路/工程类职业、居住在野外、住在工棚/草木屋内疟疾感染风险更高,OR值(95%CI)分别为6.493(2.932,14.380)、6.250(2.749,14.297)、2.191(1.204,3.987);户外活动时间每增加1个等级,感染风险提高1.579倍,而使用蚊帐可降低82.9%的感染风险;出国后接受疟疾知识宣教也可提高劳务人员的自我防护意识,从而降低感染风险。结论改善赴非劳务人员居住条件,强化驻地防蚊措施,定期开展疟防知识宣教,减少户外活动时间可有效降低其境外疟疾感染风险,将防控关口有效前移,减少我省输入性疟疾病例数。
Objective To identify the risk factors for malaria infection in migrant workers returned to Anhui from Africa countries.Methods Between January 2018 and December 2019,we conducted series of investigations on the risk factors for malaria infection among migrant workers returned to Anhui area from African countries by questionnaire on casecontrol study basis.Then the results were analyzed with univariate and multi-variate logistic regression model by using the outcome of infection as variate to identify the risks of malaria infection.Results A total of 396 subjects underwent the investigation,in whom 132 were malaria cases(129 males,3 females)and 264 were controls(257 males,7 females).The two groups were not significantly different in gender(P>0.05)as well as average age[(43.74±9.16)years for malaria cases vs.(45.05±7.92)years for controls,t=1.472,P>0.05].Univariate analysis indicated that malaria infection was associated with the age,educational background,occupation,types of residence abroad,house type,ecological environment around the dwellings,mosquito control measures,outdoor activity time and training on malaria knowledge abroad.Multivariate analysis showed that the risks of malaria infection were higher among workers in road construction or engineering,living on the open field,or in work shed or grass house[OR(95%CI)]:6.493(2.932,14.380),6.250(2.749,14.297)and 2.191(1.204,3.987).Malaria infection was increased by 1.579 times with each level of prolonged outdoor activity time,yet use of mosquito nets and training on malaria knowledge abroad reduced the risk of infection by 82.9%and 65.1%,respectively.Conclusion Improved living conditions,strengthened mosquito control measures,regular malaria prevention education and reduced outdoor activity time can effectively reduce the risks of overseas malaria infection among migrant laborers,and the number of imported malaria cases in Anhui Province.
作者
姜静静
沈东荣
王多全
李卫东
张滔
李石柱
JIANG Jing-jing;SHEN Dong-rong;WANG Duo-quan;LI Wei-dong;ZHANG Tao;LI Shi-zhu(Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui International Travel Health Care Center;National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,Ministry of Science and Technology)
出处
《热带病与寄生虫学》
2020年第3期159-164,共6页
Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology
基金
国家传染病重大专项(2016ZX10004222)。
