摘要
微球氧化铝在催化剂、吸附剂及医药等领域具有广泛的用途,微球形氧化铝载体的制备已成为氧化铝载体研究的重要方向之一。目前制备微球氧化铝的主要方法有机械破碎法、喷雾成型法、模板法、溶胶-凝胶滴球法、微流控单分散成球法和自催化化学沉积法。其中机械破碎法制备的微球粒径集中度及球形度较差,很难满足一些特殊行业的要求;喷雾成型法是工业上制备各种微球最普遍的方法,但粒径分布有时也难以满足要求,不过经过不断的改进,喷雾成型制备的催化剂微球的粒径分布及球形度越来越好;模板法可以制备球形度高且粒径分布均一的氧化铝空心微球,但前提是模板的粒径分布和球形度要满足要求;溶胶-凝胶滴球法是传统的微球制备方法,但由于需要将球滴在油柱中成型,会带来二次污染,因此工业应用越来越少;微流控单分散成球法可以制备粒径均一的微球,具有广阔的发展前景,是一项值得投入和关注的新型微球制备技术;自催化化学沉积法用于制备特定用途的微球,不具有普遍意义。随着技术的不断进步,会有更多的微球制备技术走出实验室,走向产业化。
Microsphere alumina has been widely used in the fields of catalyst,adsorbent and medicine,and the preparation of microsphere alumina carriers has become one of the important directions of alumina carrier research.At present,the main methods for preparing alumina microspheres include mechanical crushing,spray forming,template,sol-gel dropping,microfluidic monodisperse and autocatalytic chemical deposition.Among them,the mechanical crushing method has poor particle size concentration and sphericity,so it is difficult to meet the requirements of some special industries.Spray forming method is the most common method for preparing various kinds of microspheres in the industry,but sometimes its particle size distribution cannot meet the requirements.However,after continuous improvement,the particle size distribution and sphericity of catalyst microspheres prepared by spray forming are getting better and better.Hollow alumina microspheres with high sphericity and uniform particle size distribution can be prepared by template method only if the particle size distribution and sphericity of the template meet the requirements.Sol-gel dropping method is a traditional method for preparing microspheres,but it is less and less used in the industry due to the secondary pollution caused by the need to drop the spheres into oil column.Microfluidic monodisperse pelletiza-tion can be used to prepare microspheres with uniform particle size.With broad development prospect,it is a new microsphere preparation technology worthy of investment and attention.Autocatalytic chemical deposition is used to prepare microspheres for specific purposes,so it has no universal significance.With the continuous progress of technologies,more microsphere preparation technologies will be put into industrialization from labo-ratory.
作者
张毅
史建公
冯拥军
李殿卿
Zhang Yi;Shi Jiangong;Feng Yongjun;Li Dianqing(College of Chemistry,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029;Engineering Technology Research Institute of SINOPEC Catalyst Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101111)
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2020年第7期54-63,共10页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
微球氧化铝
制备技术
粒径分布
球形度
微流控技术
单分散成球
alumina microsphere
preparation technology
particle size distribution
sphericity
microfluidic technology
monodisperse pelletization
