摘要
气提现象是输油管道维护检修作业中的常见现象,而对其影响因素及规律尚无系统研究。为了深入探究原油中硫化氢气提现象的影响因素,搭建了一套管道中气提现象试验装置,采用模拟试验的方法进行研究,考察不同氮气流量、不同原油物性条件下气提得到硫化氢浓度的变化规律。结果表明:在油温为30℃、操作压力为0. 2 MPa条件下,随氮气流量增大,气提气中H2S浓度整体呈下降趋势,但由于流量变化对气液两相流流型的影响,H2S浓度存在小范围波动的情况。
The paper is aimed at tracing the influential rule of the nitrogen flowing rate on the gas stripping of hydrogen sulfide in the 5 kinds of crude oil. And,for the said purpose,we have built up a set of simulated experimental device for the gas stripping process in the pipeline system in accordance with the actual situation of the field operation procedure. The simulated experimental device with the pipe line is proposed to be made of a straight pipe with an outer diameter of 127 mm and a length of 3 000 mm,with a U-shaped bend pipe in the same outer diameter. At the same time,the experimental device is also suggested with a storage tank in a capacity of 80 L,which can be taken to prepare for the experimental oil samples at certain concentrations of hydrogen sulfide. The material of the above mentioned devices can be made of 304 stainless steel. And,then,when the straight pipe is filled with the experimental oil sample,nitrogen can be injected into it in accordance with the designated flowing rate,which can be used to push the simulated pig inside the straight pipe in front of the position of the confined mechanism. And,then,when a certain pressure is reached,the blasting disc in the simulated pig can be destroyed,whereas the nitrogen can be made to be directly pushed in for the experimental oil sample to pass the distribution plate so that it can go on flowing till the air stripping flow begins. And,thus,it would be possible for the total 37 groups of effective experiments to be conducted on the 5 different experimental oil samples under the conditions that the oil temperature is kept at 30 ℃ and the operating pressure of 0. 2 MPa in a flowing range of 28-392 L/min. The results of our experiments tend to demonstrate that the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide gas in the stripping gas tends to decrease with the increase of the nitrogen inlet flow at a certain temperature and operating pressure. What is more,in the limited range of the experimental conditions in the given paper,the concentration rate of hydrogen sulfide in the gas stripping of the Tuha crude oil,Beijiang crude oil and the Tarim mixed with dilute oil,tend to reveal a trend to rise first and then decrease slowly with the increase of the nitrogen flowing rate. Thus,in conclusion,when the nitrogen flow rate is greater than a certain rate,the difference of the hydrogen sulfide concentration rate in the different oil samples can be gradually narrowed and focused to a small range.And,in turn,when a chosen nitrogen intake flow in the pigging process,say,the rate greater than 224 L/min (according to actual pipe diameter conversion) is chosen so far as is possible on account of factors such as feasibility and economy of the process,it would be possible to ensure human life,health and safety of the on-site operating working situations.
作者
郑登锋
李铁兵
崔祥
张东
杨明
万嵩
ZHENG Deng-feng;LI Tie-bing;CUI Xiang;ZHANG Dong;YANG Ming;WAN Song(Petro China West Pipeline Company,Urumchi 830000,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期994-999,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
安全工程
原油
硫化氢
气提
相间传质
模拟试验
safety engineering
crude oil
hydrogen sulfide
gas stripping
mass transfer between phases
simulation experiment
