摘要
基于复杂网络理论以机场为节点并以航线为边建立了我国的航空货运网络,用以分析网络中的重要节点、重要边以及网络的抗毁性。针对建立的航空货运网络,首先分析其基本结构特性,了解网络的整体性质,发现网络呈现出小世界特征,网络的度分布不是很明显地服从某种分布,只是相对而言更服从指数分布,同时,西安、成都、昆明、重庆构成了整个网络的枢纽。然后提出了7种攻击策略以研究网络的抗毁性,包括基于最大度、重新计算的最大度和介数的去点攻击,以及基于边介数和边权重的去边攻击,并使用网络效率和最大连通子图尺寸这2个测度指标来衡量网络的损毁程度。基于2017年的航空货运数据进行仿真分析,试验结果表明,基于介数的去点和去边攻击对网络的结构损毁最大,基于权重的去边攻击下的网络的脆弱性下降速度较介数攻击慢。经进一步挖掘,得到了需要重点保护的机场和航线,并分析网络脆弱性的形成因素,同时提出相应的抗毁建议。航空货运网络在遭受恶劣天气影响和恶意袭击下,可能造成机场或航线被关闭,因而引起货流的分流,研究结果可以为应对这种情况提供可行性见解,避免或减小经济损失。
The present paper is aimed at establishing a cargo transportation and delivering network system for China national airline companies. In the paper,we would like to take the airports as their instructive nodes and links to analyze the necessary nodes and links of the vulnerable network protection based on the complicated integrated system. In response to the actual need,we have first of all established such an air cargo transportation network through analyzing the basic features of the air transportation network so as to have a clean and clear idea of the overall nature of such a transportation network. And,for the said purpose,we have then discovered that the air cargo transportation network has its own particular micro-world particularities and that the degree distribution of the air cargo network doesn’t seem to follow any definite distribution regularity,rather,it tends to be more clearly oriented to the exponential distribution changes,for example,the air cargo network among the metropoletans or big cities like Xi’an,Chengdu,Kunming and Chongqing,tend actually to formulate and turn up to an information network hub.Seeing the particular features of such a network,the paper intends to propose a set of 7 strategic measures to trace the vulnerability of the network,i. e. on how to regulate the airports or the oriented nodes from the network and see what would happen to influence the air-cargo transportation and delivery network,including the node attacks based at the high transportation rate,the high transportation rate and the mutual transportation impact,as well as the edge interference based on the mutual transportation impact and its degrees. At the same time,it is also necessary to assess the damage or loss of the network in accordance with the changes of the network efficiency and cargo transportation quantity or volume and the mutually connected components,so as to fulfil a simulation analysis based on the air cargo transportation sum total,say,during the year of 2017. The above mentioned testing and experimental results show that the interference of the nodes and edges based on the in-between fuss may have the biggest harm for the network structure,and that the vulnerability weight-based interference of the network may come up slower than that of in-between fuss attack. Therefore,the airports and the airlines concerned should have actually been protected through analyzing the factors which may result in such network vulnerability to clarify and get rid of their respective duties mainly from the point of view of the hierarchical structure of the network. At the same time,we have also brought about corresponding cooperative anti-destruction proposals in the circumstances of the bad weather impact and/or disastrous attacks,so as to properly diversify the cargo flow in case the air cargo network in the airport or any sections were to be shut down in any urgent case.Thus,it can be seen that the research results in this paper should be in a position to provide a valuable insight to deal with such unexpected circumstances and be endowed with a great practical significance to get rid of or at least reduce the likely economic losses.
作者
任新惠
杨丽
REN Xin-hui;YANG Li(School of Economics and Management,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期840-848,共9页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然联合基金项目(U1433111)。
关键词
安全管理工程
航空货运网络
脆弱性
网络基本特征
safety control
air cargo network
vulnerability
basic network characteristics
