摘要
目的对全国区县级疾病预防控制中心2014—2018年人、财、物等基本情况变化趋势进行分析,以了解中国区县级疾病预防控制中心整体运行基本情况,为进一步探索疾控体系改革提供数据支撑。方法采用定量分析和定性访谈相结合的方法,利用各数据库对全国区县级疾病预防控制中心现状进行分析,并结合定性访谈结果,对存在问题进行深入探讨。结果全国区县级疾病预防控制中心人力资源数量、素质、结构不适应新形势发展。2014—2018年全国区县级疾病预防控制中心人员总量,尤其是专业技术人员数量出现一定程度负增长,人员逐步老化,学历结构有一定改善,公共卫生执业医师和检验师比例逐渐下降,慢性病防控人员比例仍然较低。财政补助收入仅占70%左右,政府预算全额保障存在一定缺位;资源配置上虽逐年增加,仍存在绝对不足与相对浪费并存现象。结论须加强基层疾控体系建设,按标准配备公共卫生专业技术人员;坚持公益性和专业性导向,保障疾控机构运行经费;优化人才结构,研究制定符合公共卫生行业特点的薪酬和绩效考评机制,激发疾控人员动力;实施结构调整以适应形势变化的需求。
Objective To analyze the change trend of population,financial and material conditions of the district and county centers for disease control and prevention from 2014 to 2018,understand the basic situation of the overall operation and provide data support for further exploration of the system reform.Methods By using the method of quantitative analysis and qualitative interview,the status quo of the district and county centers for disease control and prevention was analyzed with various databases,and the existing problems were further analyzed based on the recent survey results.Results The number,quality and structure of human resources did not adapt to the new situation.The total number of personnel,especially the professional and technical personnel had the certain degree of negative growth.The personnel were gradually aging and the structure of education had been improved,the proportion of licensed public health physicians and examiners had gradually declined,and the proportion of personnel involved in the prevention and control of chronic diseases was still low.Revenue from government subsidies accounted for only about 70% of the total government budget.The absolute shortage and relative waste coexisted in the allocation of resources.Conclusion To strengthen the development of the district and county centers for disease control and prevention,we should provide standardized public health professionals and ensure the operating funds,optimize the talent structure and formulate the salary and performance evaluation mechanism in line with the characteristics of the public health industry,and we will carry out structural adjustments to meet the changing needs of the situation.
作者
金雅玲
王子军
张一平
陈浩
JIN Ya-ling;WANG Zi-jun;ZHANG Yi-ping;CHEN Hao(Central Office,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Office for Policy Planning Research,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)
出处
《中国公共卫生管理》
2020年第3期289-292,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Management
基金
中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(131031001000150001)。
关键词
区县级疾控中心
人员
经费
设备
体系建设
district and county centers for disease control and prevention
staff
expenditure
equipment
system construction
