摘要
为促进烟农增收和保障优质烟叶原料供给提供科学依据,采用数据包络分析方法(DEA),对贵州烤烟与主要粮蔬作物的生产效率进行分析比较。结果表明:烤烟、中籼稻和玉米的成本组成均以人工成本为主,分别占其总成本的59.5%、65.2%和68.2%,烤烟总成本是中籼稻和玉米的2.16倍和2.74倍;物质与服务费、人工成本和土地成本均以烤烟最高、中籼稻其次和玉米最低;烤烟的土地成本分别是中籼稻和玉米的1.99倍和3.03倍;烤烟产值和现金收益均高于中籼稻和玉米,净利润、现金收益低于马铃薯、菜椒、大白菜和西红柿4种蔬菜作物;贵州烤烟的综合生产效率小于1,与中籼稻和玉米为同一水平,在降低一定生产成本投入和增加现金收益886.71元/667m 2的情况下,可达到DEA有效水平。结合贵州省烤烟产业的实际情况,提出了提升其生产效率的建议。
In order to provide scientific basis for increasing farmers’income and ensuring the supply of high quality tobacco raw materials,data envelopment analysis(DEA)was used to analyze and compare the production efficiency of flue-cured tobacco and main grain&vegetable crops in Guizhou.Results:The main cost components of flue-cured tobacco,medium indica rice and corn were all labor cost,accounting for 59.5%,65.2%and 68.2%of the total cost,respectively.The total cost of flue-cured tobacco was 2.16 times and 2.74 times that of medium indica rice and corn;The material and service costs,labor costs and land costs of flue-cured tobacco were the highest,followed by medium indica rice,the lowest was corn;The land cost of flue-cured tobacco was 1.99 times and 3.03 times that of medium indica rice and corn respectively.The output value and cash income of flue-cured tobacco were higher than those of medium indica rice and corn,and the net profit and cash income of flue-cured tobacco were lower than those of potato,pepper,Chinese cabbage and tomato;The comprehensive production efficiency of flue-cured tobacco in Guizhou was less than 1,which was the same level as that of medium indica rice and corn.Under the condition of reducing certain production cost input and increasing cash income of 886.71 Yuan/667m 2,which could reach the effective level of DEA.Combined with the actual situation of flue-cured tobacco industry in Guizhou Province,the suggestions of improving its production efficiency were put forward.
作者
马云飞
许灵杰
李德仑
莫静静
MA Yunfei;XU Lingjie;LI Delun;MO Jingjing(Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,Guiyang,Guizhou 550081;Guizhou Province Corporation,China National Tobacco Corporation,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000,China)
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2020年第7期18-22,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目“基于高质量发展的贵州烟叶生产资源配置效率提升研究”[中烟黔科(2019)7]
贵州省烟草科学研究院项目“贵州烟叶生产服务主体经营现状与组织发展对策研究”(GZYKS2019-06)。
