摘要
光照是生物体最常见的环境暴露因素,对生物体可产生持久而深远的影响.学习、记忆及情绪是大脑的高级功能,光照可通过多种途径参与学习、记忆、情绪的调节,并影响生物体的众多相关行为.关于光照调节学习、记忆、情绪的相关机制的研究,主要是以志愿者和患者为主的心理学和行为学研究.此外,以动物模型为主的研究,则重点关注了光照影响脑功能的细胞和分子机制,包括代谢改变、电生理特性的变化、生物大分子和信号通路的变化等,以及光照对神经环路和神经递质系统的影响及相关机制.光照对生物体的影响是系统的,其生物效应也是多方面的,然而由于神经系统是生物体最为重要的调控体系,光照对神经系统的影响则显得尤为重要.本文分别介绍了光照对学习、记忆和情绪的影响,并简述其涉及的神经系统相关的分子、细胞及环路机制.
Light is the most common environmental exposure to all organisms with long lasting effects.Advanced brain functions including learning,memory and emotion and their related behaviors are modulated by light exposure through various mechanisms.Most studies on the effects of light on learning,memory and emotion have mainly focused on psychological and behavioral changes of volunteers and patients.In addition,studies based on animal models have mostly concentrated on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying how the brain function is affected by light exposure,including light-induced changes in neuronal metabolism,electrophysiological characteristics,proteomics and signaling pathways,as well as the effects of light on neural circuits and neurotransmissions.The influence of light on organisms is systematic and its biological consequences are manifold.However,the effect of light exposure on the central nervous system is especially critical,as it is the most important controlling system of organisms.In this review,the modulatory effects of light on learning,memory and emotion were introduced,and the molecular,cellular and circuit mechanisms under this phenomenon were briefly described.
作者
汪子怡
易林
陈琪
熊伟
WANG Ziyi;YI lin;CHEN Qi;XIONG Wei(School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China)
关键词
光照
学习
记忆
情绪
light exposure
learning
memory
emotion
