摘要
【目的】探索城市绿地园林树木风灾受损情况及树种抗风性能力。【方法】调查深圳城市绿地园林树木2018年台风“山竹”的风灾受损情况及测定相关数据,结合历史资料提出园林树木抗风灾等级评价标准,并采用综合评分法对50种常见园林树木的抗风性能进行评价与分析。【结果】根据园林树木风灾受损程度及预期恢复状况将风灾受损状况划分为5等级,将树种抗风性能对应划分为5等级;抗折枝能力优良树种多为棕榈科、原生近海地区、适合滨海绿化的种类,原生内陆静风区树种普遍抗风性差;抗折干树种一般材质坚韧、干形挺直,树冠受风面小;抗倒伏种类的根系通常特化或具深根性,一些种类冠形通透、风阻小或枝条柔韧度高。【结论】决定树种抗风性能的主要形态因子为树干与材质、抗弯强度、冠层密度、冠高比、根系状况、挠曲变形量和最大静荷载;在50个常见园林树种中,棕榈类、乡土树种及根系发达或材质坚韧、树冠通透的种类抗风性能较强。
【Objective】The study was to explore the damage caused by wind disasters and the wind resistance of trees in urban green space and gardens.【Methods】Based on the investigation on the wind damage situation and measurement of relevant data of the urban green garden trees in Shenzhen after the typhoon Mangkhut in 2018,a wind resistance grade elevation standard of garden trees was proposed in combination with historical data,and wind resistance of 50 common garden trees was analyzed and evaluated with comprehensive evaluation method.【Result】According to the wind damage degree of garden trees and the expected recovery status,the damage status of wind disaster is divided into 5 levels,and the wind resistance performance of tree species is divided into 5 levels accordingly.The tree species with excellent branch breaking resistance are mostly the species of palm family,native offshore areas and suitable for coastal greening.Generally,the tree species of inland calm regions has weak wind resistance.The flex-resistant dried tree species are generally tough,with a straight stem and a small wind-sensitive crown.The lodging-resistant tree species are usually root system specialized or deep-rooted,with some types of crown-shaped permeability,low wind resistance or high branch flexibility.【Conclusion】The main morphological factors affecting the wind resistance of trees include trunk shape and wood material,anti-bending strength,crown layer density,crown-height ratio,root system,deflection amount,maximum static load.Among the 50 common garden tree species,palms,native tree those and species with developed root systems,tough materials and transparent canopies have strong wind resistance.
作者
董毅
黄义钧
何国强
刘永金
谭广文
DONG Yi;HUANG Yijun;HE Guoqiang;LIU Yongjin;TAN Guangwen(Huarun(Shenzhen)Co.L.,Shenzhen 518010,China;Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen 518004,China;Pubang Landscape Architecture Co.L.,Guangzhou 510600,China;Wutong Mountain Scenic Area Management Office,Shenzhen 518004,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2020年第6期30-38,共9页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广州市科技计划项目(2014SY000010)
深圳市城市管理和综合执法局科研项目(202009)
深圳市坪山区城市管理与综合执法局科研基金(20180901)。
关键词
风灾受损
园林树木
抗风性能
等级
评价
wind damage
garden tree
wind resistance
grade
evaluation
