摘要
2018年春季(5月),在呼伦湖及其周围水域不同类型水体中设置28个采样点(呼伦湖湖域17个,周围河流流域11个)调查了浮游植物种类和数量,监测了水环境因子,探讨了呼伦湖及其周围水域春季浮游植物功能群及其与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明:春季在呼伦湖及其周围水域中共鉴定出7门80种浮游植物,其中呼伦湖中以绿藻门为主,而周围河流流域则以硅藻门为主。调查区域浮游植物共分为20个功能群,其中C、X2、J和D为重要功能群。Pearson线性相关分析和RDA分析均表明:化学需氧量和电导率是影响呼伦湖及其周围水域浮游植物功能群最主要的水环境因子,功能群C和D同化学需氧量和电导率显著负相关,功能群J同化学需氧量和电导率显著正相关,而功能群X2受水温和溶解氧影响较大,同水温和溶解氧显著正相关。用GB3838-2002评价标准评估各采样点的总氮、总磷及化学需氧量结果表明,呼伦湖内(M9、M16)水质极差,总氮、总磷和化学耗氧量均超过国家V类水标准(2mg/L、0.2mg/L、40mg/L);呼伦湖内西岸(M10~M13)、湖中心(M22~M24)以及周围水域的呼和诺尔(M3)、乌兰诺尔(M27)水中总磷和化学需氧量污染极为严重。结果发现,周围河流水质明显优于呼伦湖内水质。
The species and quantity of phytoplankton were surveyed and water environmental factors were monitored in 28 sampling sites in Hulun Lake and its surrounding waters(17 in Hulun Lake and 11 in surrounding river basins)in spring(May)of 2018 to explore the relationship between the functional groups of phytoplankton and environmental factors in Hulun Lake and its surrounding waters in spring.A total of 80 species of phytoplankton in 7 phyla were found in Hulun Lake and its surrounding waters in spring,with dominant species in Chlorphyta and dominated by species in Bacillaroiphyta in the surrounding river basins in the phytoplankton community in Hulun Lake.The phytoplankton community in the surveyed waters was divided into 20 functional groups,C,X2,J and D being the most important functional groups.Pearson correlation analysis and linear RDA analysis indicated that chemical oxygen demand and conductivity were of the main environmental factors in Hulun Lake and the surrounding waters,significantly negative correlation with functional groups C and D.Functional group J was found to be positively correlated with chemical oxygen demand and conductivity,while functional group X2 was significantly correlated with water temperature and dissolved oxygen level.Based on the standard evaluation of GB3838-2002,the evaluation of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand in each sampling site indicated that poor water quality was recorded at sampling sites M9 and M16 in Hulun Lake due to beyond the national V water standard for total nitrogen(2 mg/L),total phosphorus(0.2 mg/L)and chemical oxygen consumption(40 mg/L).The water quality in sampling sites M10~M13,M22~M24,M3 and M27 was polluted by total phosphorus and chemical oxygen consumption,and the water quality was shown to be better in surrounding waters than that in Hulun Lake.
作者
李星醇
于洪贤
窦华山
潘海峰
马成学
LI Xingchun;YU Hongxian;DOU Huashan;PAN Haifeng;MA Chengxue(College of Wildlife and Nature Conservation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Administration Bureau of the Dalai Lake(Hulun Lake)National Nature Reserve of Inner Mongolia,Hailar 021008,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第3期31-41,共11页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费(2572018BE03).
关键词
呼伦湖
浮游植物
功能群
Hulun Lake
phytoplankton
functional group
