摘要
为了研究饮酒对驾驶员视觉信息收集的影响,验证酒后驾车判断标准的可靠性和合理性,利用UC-win/Road软件搭建虚拟道路交叉口场景,组织20名驾驶员在饮酒前后进行模拟驾驶试验,使用呼吸式酒精检测仪对驾驶员体内酒精浓度进行检测。对驾驶员进入5个交叉口前后的7种视觉指标进行对比和显著性差异分析,并根据饮酒前后指标变化情况计算驾驶员指标衰退率,建立各指标衰退率与体内酒精浓度之间的关系模型。结果表明,驾驶员饮酒后6种视觉特性指标均出现显著变化,在相同时间和场景下注视次数减少12.3%,单次注视持续时间增长11.6%,且注视区域更加集中,扫视幅度减小14.1%,眨眼次数和持续时间分别增加10.7%和16.4%。与直行相比,驾驶员在交叉口转向时注视和扫视指标的变化幅度更为明显。当被体内酒精浓度在20~60 mg/100 mL范围时,3种视觉特性指标衰退率在5%至20%之间,且随体内酒精浓度呈递增趋势,其中眨眼指标受试验时间影响较大,其衰退程度也最为明显。
In order to study influences of drinking on visual information collection of drivers,and verify the reliability and rationality of the criteria for drunk driving,a scene of virtual road intersection is built by UC-win/Road software.20 drivers are organized to participate in a driving simulation before and after drinking. Breath alcohol detector is used to detect alcohol concentration of the drivers.7 visual indicators are compared and analyzed before and after the drivers enter5 intersections,Models are established between the rate of decline of each indicator and the body alcohol concentration according to changes in the indicators before and after drinking. The results show that after drinking alcohol,there are significant changes in all6 visual indicators,with a12.3%decrease in the number of gazes,an11.6%increase in the duration of single gaze and more concentrated gaze area,a14.1%decrease in the magnitude of sweeping gazes,and a10.7%and16.4%increase in the number and duration of blinks in the same time and scene.Compared with go straight ahead,changes in gaze and sweep indicators are more obvious when drivers turned at intersections. When the body alcohol concentration is in the range of20 to60 mg/100 mL,the rate of decline in the three visual indicators ranges from5%to20%,and shows an increasing trend with the concentration of alcohol in the subject’s body,among which the blinking indicator is influenced by the simulation time,and its degree of decline is also the most obvious.
作者
刘宇
焦朋朋
LIU Yu;JIAO Pengpeng(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Urban Design,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《交通信息与安全》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期17-23,共7页
Journal of Transport Information and Safety
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51578040)
北京市自然科学基金项目(8162013)资助。
关键词
交通安全
酒后驾驶
视觉特性
模拟驾驶试验
回归分析
traffic safety
drunk driving
visual characteristics
driving simulation
regression analysis
