摘要
文章总结泰安市城区—旧县水源地内岩溶塌陷的发生发展历程,综合前人研究成果及最新的野外调查统计结果,对影响研究区岩溶塌陷的分布及影响因素进行了剖析,探明了岩溶塌陷的发育条件及诱发因素。结果表明:(1)研究区内岩溶塌陷主要发生在岩溶发育较强、断裂带附近、土层厚度小于30 m的区域;发生塌陷区域的土层结构以二元结构为主,其次是多元结构;塌陷大多发生在汛期,尤其是在大型降雨之后;(2)强烈的地下水开采活动引发的岩溶水大幅度波动是塌陷发生的最主要诱发因素,且岩溶地下水位在基岩面附近波动时最易引发塌陷;外界对土体的扰动也对塌陷有一定的影响,泰安城区旧镇铁路交汇处的塌陷与列车行车震动有密不可分的联系。综合分析以往岩溶塌陷的研究方向和程度,建议今后的研究重点应为塌陷过程演化监测与模拟、塌陷预警预报方法探索及数据库建设。
Tai’an City lies in the western margin of the Tailai basin in Shandong Province,where karst is pervasive and controlled by regional geological setting. The karst collapse in this area started in the 1960 s,causing serious social-economic impacts. This geologic hazard is a complex and multi-factor process,occurring mainly in the central and southern Tai’an City with high intensity of groundwater exploitation. The affected regions include,(1)the urban subsidence area,centered at the triangle south of Tai’an railway station with east boundary to the Shanggao street office south boundary to Honggou village,where limestone is widely present in the subsurface.(2)The Jiuxian subsidence area,which is centered at the Jiuxian water source area southeast of the city.(3)The Yanglou subsidence area,with east and west Yanglou village as the center,actually the periphery of the Jiuxian subsidence area. These three regions are largely connected into one,forming a karst collapse belt from the Jiuxian village to Taishan railway station,with an total area of about 200 km^2.The objective of this work is to reveal the historical process and influencing factors of karst collapse in the study area,so as to provide the scientific guidance for prevention and control of this geologic hazard.We firstly summarized the initiation and development process of karst collapse in the study area.Then,based on the previous research results and the latest surveys,we analyze the distribution of the hazard and its basic control factors,as well as the action laws and mechanisms of each factor.The results show that the influencing factors of karst collapse can be divided into natural and human factors.(1)Under natural factors,karst collapse mainly occurs in the areas with intense karst development,near fault zones,and soil layer thickness less than 30 m. The Quaternary soil structure is mainly a binary-layer structure,followed by a multi-layer structure;most of the collapses occurred in the flood season,especially after heavy rainfall.(2)Under human factors,the large water level fluctuation caused by strong groundwater mining is the most important factor for the occurrence of collapse;and the fluctuation of karst groundwater level near the bedrock surface is the most likely to cause the collapse.Moreover,the karst collapse in the Jiuzhen railway interchange area is also closely related to the train vibration. Finally,some suggestions are put forward in this paper,the future research should be focused on the monitoring and simulation of collapse evolution,exploration of collapse forecasting methods,and the construction of database.
作者
吴亚楠
WU Yanan(Key Laboratory of Karst Collapse Prevention and Control,Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geological and Mineral Resources,Tai’an,Shandong 271000,China;Shandong No.5 Geo-mineral Prospecting Institute,Tai’an,Shandong 271000,China)
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期225-231,共7页
Carsologica Sinica
基金
山东省国土资源局地质勘查项目[鲁地字2019(34)号]
山东省国土资源局地质勘查项目[鲁地字2016(93)号]。
关键词
岩溶地面塌陷
发育条件
诱发因素
旧县水源地
karst ground collapse
development conditions
influencing factor
Jiuxian water source area
