摘要
日本枯山水可谓之精神庭园,其形成和发展不仅与中国文化的渗入有关,同时也与日本的自然和社会因素相关。通过梳理与归纳相关文献与古籍,可得三方面结论:其一,枯山水原型可溯至日本古代,其造型以模拟自然、写实为主;其二,镰仓时代由于政治、禅宗等因素,枯山水被赋予“禅意”色彩,表现为筑山写意之特征;其三,室町时代受宋代山水画、军事,以及山水河原者介入造园等因素影响,枯山水最终表现为平庭写意之样式。中国现阶段仿建的平庭写意类枯山水与禅意无关,未来应结合中国自然和社会等因素进行演变与创新。
Japan's Kare San Sui can be said to be a kind of spiritual garden,and its formation and development is not only related to the combination of Chinese culture,but also to the natural and social factors of Japan.Through the analysis and summary of relevant literature and ancient books,three conclusions can be drawn:first of all,the prototype of Kare San Sui can be traced back to the ancient times of Japan,and its landscape features are mainly simulated natural realism;secondly,during the Kamakura Period,due to political and Zen factors,Kare San Sui was endowed with the color of"Zen",and its performance characteristic is the magnificent river mountain,and thus achieves the deep and rich scene;third,the Muromachi Period,influenced by the Song Dynasty landscape painting,military,Kawaramono joining in the construction of gardens,and other factors,Kare San Sui is a highly imaginative artistic generalization with lyrical characteristics of landscape painting.Today's social imitation in China has nothing to do with Zen in expressing emotions such as Kare San Sui through gardens.In the future,it should evolve and innovate in combination with China's natural and social factors.
作者
熊川
邓舸
金荷仙
李胜
XIONG Chuan;DENG Ge;JIN Hexian;LI Sheng
出处
《中国园林》
北大核心
2020年第7期82-86,共5页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“芳香植物配置对人体亚健康干预效应研究”(编号51978626)
中国科学院咨询课题“继承弘扬传统文化,提升人居环境品质——重视开展声景学、香景学及光景学研究与实践”子课题“香景学研究”(编号2018-ZW01-A-031)
北京市财政项目“内蒙古及杭州的园林资源与历史文化研究”(编号2019-YB-12)共同资助。
关键词
风景园林
日本园林
枯山水
禅宗
净土园林
landscape architecture
Japanese garden
Kare San Sui
Zen
pure land garden
