摘要
目的了解2017—2019年河南省焦作市游泳池水质卫生状况,为加强游泳池卫生管理提供依据。方法收集2017—2019年焦作市游泳场所水质专项抽检资料,统计分析81家197份游泳池水质抽检结果,检测项目指标为尿素、菌落总数、大肠菌群、浑浊度、pH值和余氯6项。结果 2017—2019年游泳池水总合格率为72.59%,3年合格率分别为64.71%,73.58%和78.95%,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.694,Ρ>0.05);合格率城区73.27%、县区71.88%,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.048,Ρ>0.05);所检测的6项指标中,pH值全部合格,主要不合格项目是尿素、菌落总数和游离性余氯;当余氯浓度低于、等于或高于国家标准时,微生物指标超标率分别为35.71%,17.96%和12.50%,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.118,P>0.05);安装淋浴设施并正常使用的尿素合格率(91.07%)高于未安装及未使用(76.60%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.395,Ρ<0.05);尿素合格率循环组(72.52%)低于非循环组(96.97%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=16.853,Ρ<0.001);循环组中定期换水组(88.57%)高于不定期换水组(66.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6.175,Ρ<0.05);非循环组中定期换水组(100.00%)高于不定期换水组(86.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=7.013,Ρ<0.01)。结论焦作市游泳池水质3年间总合格率不高,主要不合格指标是尿素、菌落总数和游离性余氯,安装淋浴设施和定期换水能有效提高尿素合格率;应加强经营场所从业人员的卫生知识培训,督促其科学管理和处理游泳池水,同时加强游泳池水卫生监督和水质抽检,重点监管和指导影响水质卫生的关键环节,进一步改善游泳池水质。
Objective To understand the sanitary condition of swimming pool water in Jiaozuo city of Henan province from2017 to 2019, and provide basis for strengthening sanitary management of public swimming pool. Methods The data of water sanitation of public swimming pool were collected from 81 public swimming pools in Jiaozuo city from 2017 to 2019.The results of water quality of all 197 water samples were statistically analyzed. The detection indicators were urea, total bacterial count, coliform, turbidity degree, pH value and residual chlorine. Results The total qualified rate of swimming pool water was 72.59% from 2017 to 2019, that was 64.71%, 73.58% and 78.95% of each year, respectively, without statistical difference(χ^2=3.694, Ρ >0.05). There was no statistical difference(χ^2=0.048, Ρ >0.05) in the qualified rates of swimming pools between central area(73.27%) and surrounding area(71.88%). Out of the indicators, only pH values were qualified in all swimming pools, and the mainly unqualified indicators were urea, total bacterial count and free residual chlorine. When the concentration of free residual chlorine was lower, higher than and equal to the national standard, the over standard rate of microorganism index was 35.71%, 17.96% and 12.50%, respectively, without statistical difference(χ^2=3.118,P>0.05). The qualified rates of urea was higher(χ^2=5.395, Ρ<0.05) in the swimming pools with shower facilities(91.07%)than in those without the facilities or the facilities unused(76.60%), and was lower(χ^2=16.853, Ρ <0.001) in the cyclical group(72.52%) than in the acyclic group(96.97%). The qualification rates of urea was of statistical difference(χ^2=6.175, Ρ<0.05) between regularly change water unit(88.57%) and irregularly change water unit(66.67%) in the cyclical group, and between regularly change water unit(100.00%) and irregularly change water group(86.67%) in the acyclic group(χ^2=7.013,Ρ<0.01). Conclusions The total qualified rate of the water in swimming pool is not high in Jiaozuo city during the three years, and the mainly unqualified indicators are urea, total bacterial count and free residual chlorine. The qualified rate can be improved effectively by setting up the shower facilities and regularly changing water. The training of sanitary knowledge in the workers should be strengthened, and scientific management of the swimming pool water should be supervised and urged.Meanwhile, the sanitary supervision and detection of water samples should be enhanced. The key points that may affect the water quality should be supervised and instructed to further improve the water quality.
作者
郝翠萍
HAO Cui-ping(Jiaozuo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaozuo,Henan 454003,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2020年第3期63-65,77,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
关键词
游泳池
水质卫生
游离性余氯
尿素
Swimming pool
Water sanitary
Free residual chlorine
Urea
