摘要
目的开发基于HoloLens的AR手术导航系统,分析影响此系统误差的因素,定量探究各个因素对误差的影响程度,为降低此类导航系统的误差明确侧重点。方法以Unity3D为开发平台开发的手术导航系统实现了3种三维注册方法:基于识别图三维注册、三点注册和手动注册。从人因工程的角度出发,结合临床医生手术操作行为、HoloLens性能和临床使用环境三方面分析影响误差的可能因素,即三维注册方法、头部转动、周围人数和观测角度。将这些因素设置为3个水平,设计正交实验验证并测量不同因素、不同水平下每次实验的误差大小,通过方差分析确定影像程度是否显著。结果导航系统3种注册方法平均误差值为4.16 mm,4个因素产生的误差量分别为3.88 mm、0.91 mm、4.77 mm和3.38 mm。结论系统能够实现导航功能但存在一定误差,误差影响程度由大到小依次为头部转动、三维注册方法、周围人数和观测角度,其中头部转动和三维注册方法具有显著性影响。本研究可为基于HoloLens的AR手术导航系统误差的降低和交互方式的设计提供新的思路。
Objective To develop an augmented reality(AR)surgical navigation system based on HoloLens,to analyze influence factors for its system error and to quantitatively investigate the effects of these factors on error,thereby pinpointing the focus to reduce error for this type of navigation system.Methods The surgical navigation system was developed on the platform of Unity3D and three kinds of three-dimensional registration methods were realized,i.e.,three-dimensional registration based on identification map,three-point registration and manual registration.From the perspective of human factors engineering,potential factors influencing the error were analyzed by combining the three aspects of surgical operations by clinicians,HoloLens performance and clinical settings.Specifically,these influence factors included the three-dimensional registration method,the rotation of head,the number of surrounding people and the observation angle,which were set as three levels.An orthogonal experiment was designed to validate and measure the error for each experiment with a differed factor and level,thereby determining whether the influence was significant through variance analysis.Results The average error for the three registration methods of the navigation system was 4.16 mm while the error for the four factors was 3.88 mm,0.91 mm,4.77 mm and 3.38 mm,respectively.Conclusions The system can realize navigation functions though certain errors existed.Also,the sequence of influence factors is the rotation of head,the three-dimensional registration method,the number of surrounding people and the observation angle in descending order,among which the rotation of head and the three-dimensional registration method has a significant impact on error.These findings can provide new approaches for error reduction in AR surgical navigation systems based on HoloLens and design of the interactive mode.
作者
于德旺
王殊轶
姜陶然
陈俊
丁竹
谷雯雪
YU Dewang;WANG Shuyi;JIANG Taoran;CHEN Jun;DING Zhu;GU Wenxue(School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093;Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai 200011)
出处
《北京生物医学工程》
2020年第3期244-250,共7页
Beijing Biomedical Engineering
关键词
HoloLens
手术导航系统
增强现实
误差
影响因素
人因工程
HoloLens
surgical navigation system
augmented reality
error
influence factor
human factors engineering
