摘要
目的 探讨流感嗜血杆菌引起的儿童下呼吸道感染的分布特点及抗菌药物的耐药情况.方法 回顾性收集发生下呼吸道感染的29 495例患儿,进行咽拭子或痰培养检出的流感嗜血杆菌,分析检出的年龄分布、时间分布以及药敏情况.结果 29 495例下呼吸感染患儿送检标本26 584例,检出流感嗜血杆菌912株,流感嗜血杆菌的检出率为3.43%.流感嗜血杆菌的检出年龄主要集中在4岁以下.且各年龄组流感嗜血杆菌的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=40.09,P<0.05).流感嗜血杆菌在春季的检出率最高为4.84%,各季节之间的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=85.80,P<0.05).流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林、复方新诺明的耐药率较高,且呈逐年升高趋势;对头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星、氯霉素以及四环素较为敏感.结论 流感嗜血杆菌导致的儿童下呼吸道感染以婴幼儿为主,高发季节主要在春季.流感嗜血杆菌对喹诺酮类抗菌药物敏感性高,但发现耐药菌株,这需要引起高度重视.
Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of haemophilus influenzae in children with lower respiratory tract infection.Methods Totally 29495 children with lower respiratory tract infection were collected retrospectively.Haemophilus influenzae were detected by throat swab or sputum culture.Age distribution,time distribution and drug sensitivity were analyzed.Results Among 29495 children with lower respiratory infection,26584 samples were collected,912 strains of haemophilus influenzae were detected,and the detection rate of haemophilus influenzae was 3.43%.The age distribution of haemophilus influenzae is mainly concentrated under 4 years old.And the detection rate of haemophilus influenzae among each age group was statistically different(χ2=40.09,P<0.05).In spring,the detection rate of haemophilus influenzae is the highest,accounting for 4.84%,and the detection difference among different seasons is statistically significant(χ2=85.80,P<0.05).The drug resistance rate of haemophilus influenzae to ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole is higher,and it was more sensitive to cefotaxime,ofloxacin,chloramphenicol and tetracycline.Conclusion Children with lower respiratory tract infection caused by haemophilus influenzae are mainly infants,and the high incidence season is mainly in spring.Haemophilus influenzae is highly sensitive to quinolones,but the discovery of drug-resistant strains requires great attention.
作者
田俊华
李丽娜
陈蕾
陆斌斌
TIAN Junhua;LI Lina;CHEN Lei(Department of Clinical Laboratory,The First Hospital of Jiaxing,Jiaxing 314001,China)
出处
《全科医学临床与教育》
2020年第5期431-434,共4页
Clinical Education of General Practice
基金
嘉兴市科技计划公益项目(2018AD32071)。
关键词
儿童
流感嗜血杆菌
耐药性
下呼吸道感染
children
haemophilus influenzae
drug resistance
lower respiratory tract infection
