摘要
针对宁夏引黄灌区灌溉水资源紧缺和土壤盐碱化等问题,于2018年8月至2019年3月在宁夏贺兰县通过田间试验研究了温室滴灌条件下地膜覆盖和深埋秸秆措施对土壤水、肥、盐及番茄产量的影响。试验设置T1(覆膜且埋秸秆)、T2(不覆膜但埋秸秆)、T3(覆膜但不埋秸秆)、T4(不覆膜不埋秸秆)4个处理。结果表明:番茄全生育期内表层20 cm土壤含水率T1>T2>T3>T4,深埋秸秆和覆膜均有利于提高表层40 cm土壤储水能力,抑制表层土壤返盐,尤其是地膜覆盖和深埋秸秆结合措施在表层40 cm具有明显的保墒控盐效果,相对T4处理,T1处理全生育期内表层土壤控盐水平提高27.94%;深埋秸秆措施能有效提高表层40 cm土壤养分水平;相对不覆膜且不埋秸秆措施,地膜覆盖或深埋秸秆结合措施提高了灌溉水分生产效率及番茄产量。综合考虑耕作层储水保墒、调控盐分和番茄产量,覆膜和深埋秸秆措施相结合效果最佳,且相对不覆膜不埋秸秆措施提高番茄产量13.65%、节水23.08%。
In view of the shortage of irrigation water resources and soil salinization in Ningxia Yinhuang irrigation area, the present study was conducted from August 2018 to March 2019, to study the effects of film mulching and straw burying on soil moisture, nutrient, soil salt and tomato yield. Four treatments were settled: T1(film mulching and straw burying), T2(no film mulching but straw burying), T3(film mulching but no straw burying), T4(no film mulching and no straw burying). Results indicated that, the soil moisture of 0-20 cm layer during tomato growth period followed T1>T2>T3>T4, both the film mulching and straw burying contributed to the improvement of soil water storage capacity in 0-40 cm layer and the restraining of salt accumulation in topsoil. Especially, combination measures of film mulching and straw burying had significant influence on moisture conservation and salinity control in 0-40 cm layer, taking T4 treatment as comparison, the capacity of salinity controlling for T1 treatment increased by 27.94%;straw burying can improve the soil nutrient in 0-40 cm layer effectively;comparing the measure of no film mulching and no straw burying, the irrigation water use efficiency and tomato yield were improved for the combination measure of film mulching and straw burying. Considering the moisture conservation, soil salinity control and tomato yield, the combination of film mulching and straw burying was suggested for tomato cultivation in Ningxia Yanghuang irrigation area, the tomato yield increased by 13.65% and irrigation water saved by 23.08%, compared to the measure of no film mulching and no straw burying.
作者
王乐
何平如
张红玲
张娜
杜斌
WANG Le;HE Pingru;ZHANG Hongling;ZHANG Na;DU Bin(Ningxia Institute of Water Resources Research,Yinchuan 750021,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of ministry of Education/Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期372-378,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
宁夏自然科学资助项目(NZ17231)
银北地区盐碱地改良监测评估项目。
