摘要
为实现稻麦轮作区黏湿土壤条件下的小麦精量播种,设计了一种气动式小麦精准投种装置,该装置通过气动加速将小麦种粒高速精准投置于清洁土壤内。以稳态气体流速、入口负压为试验指标,出气室直径、喉嘴距和接收室直径为影响因素,利用Fluent分析进行气动式小麦精准投种装置的关键结构参数设计。Fluent分析结果表明:该装置的较优组合为出气室直径为6 mm、喉嘴距为10 mm、接收室直径为32 mm,此时稳态气体流速为524 m/s,入口负压为15.966 kPa。较优参数组合下的投种性能台架试验结果表明:当作业速度为1.2 m/s、投种高度为0.1 m、进气室压力为0.5 MPa时,小麦种粒可高速冲击进入土壤,实现高速精准稳着床点播、且无破损,平均投种速度为43.8 m/s,平均投种深度6.78 mm,投种速度、投种深度变异系数分别为8.3%、5.8%,投种性能稳定。
In order to realize wheat precision seeding under clay-wet soil conditions of rice-wheat rotation area,a pneumatic wheat precision seed casting device was developed that casting wheat to clean seedbeds fast and accurately by pneumatic acceleration.The influence of key structural parameters of outlet chamber diameter,throat distance and convergent chamber diameter on velocity of steady gas flow and inlet negative pressure,as test indicators,were studied by numerical simulation and analysis of Fluent software.Analysis results by Fluent showed that the parameter combination of pneumatic wheat precision seed casting device was as follows:diameter of outlet chamber was 6 mm,throat distance was 10 mm and convergent chamber diameter was 32 mm obtained by single factor test as well as three factors and three levels orthogonal experiment.Under this parameter conditions,the velocity of steady gas flow was 524 m/s and inlet negative pressure was 15.966 kPa,by simulation.Wheat seed casting performance experiment,based on better parameter combination,by test-bed indicated that wheat seed can be casted into soil at high speed to achieve accurate and stable single seed sowing without damage while working speed was 1.2 m/s,casting height was 0.1 m and air pressure was 0.5 MPa.Moreover,the average vesting velocity was 43.8 m/s,average depth was 6.78 mm,and the coefficient of variation of vesting velocity and average depth was 8.3%and 5.8%,respectively,which showed the stable performance of pneumatic seed casting.
作者
王超
李洪文
何进
王庆杰
卢彩云
王景旭
WANG Chao;LI Hongwen;HE Jin;WANG Qingjie;LU Caiyun;WANG Jingxu(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期43-53,共11页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS0-3)。
关键词
稻麦轮作区
小麦
精准投种
气动式
rice-wheat rotation areas
wheat
precision seed casting
pneumatic
