摘要
为提高建筑工人的安全意识,减少建筑事故发生,研究了工人的安全意识状况及其影响因素。首先,通过调查问卷对施工现场330名工人的安全意识状况进行测量,探讨工人安全意识的27个影响因素的分类;然后利用SPSS 22. 0软件进行相关性分析和主成分分析(PCA),找出安全意识的主要影响因素,并提取出自身、岗位环境和安全管理3个主成分;最后构建了建筑工人的安全意识综合影响因素模型。结果表明:风险态度和行为2个维度的分值偏低;工友关系、安全奖罚制度、安全设施完备性等12个影响因素与安全意识的相关性较强;提取的3个主成分中,安全管理影响因素对工人安全意识的影响最大。
The present paper intends to make an on-site statusin-situ investigation to trace the research status of the safety awareness of the construction workers both at home and abroad to express the author’s concern for the safety of such workers. For the said purpose,we have collected 27 influential factors of the safety awareness on the part of the construction workers through scanning the literature review so as to reduce such accidents and heighten their safety awareness. To achieve the above said purpose,we have also managed to deliver and distribute a questionnaire survey to such places,as to Shaanxi,Shenyang and Henan to the workers concerned via SPSS 22. 0 statistical analysis software so as to determine the reliability and validity of the data we have gained. And,the result of our investigative questionnaire shows that the data proves reliable and suitable for the factor analysis. The safety awareness of the construction workers has been measured from the following 4 dimensions: the risk awareness and recognition,the attitude dealing with the risks,the behavior in dealing with risks,the tolerance in dealing with risks,with the score of the 4 dimensions being compared. It has been found that the attitude score against the risk and risk behaviors turn out quite low. Besides,through the correlation analysis,it has been found that there exist 12 main influential factors closely correlated with the safety awareness. e. g. the sense of over-dependency on the leadership( 0. 748),the fairness of the institution and organization( 0. 696) and the system of the safety rewards and punishments( 0. 613),and so on. As the result of the key componential analysis,we have found and determined the following 3 principal factors: the over-reliance on the managerial departments,not sufficient understanding of the safety influential factors and over-stress of the inevitable environment factors. Actually,the safety management from the leading organs should be responsible for lack of the safety awareness of the workers.Therefore,the paper has put a great stress on the principal component load of the leading organs so as to promote their understanding and the safety education and promotion of the safety awareness of the workers. And,what we would like to stress is that we have established a model of comprehensive influential factors to improve the safety awareness of the construction workers effectively through propaganding and heightening their attitudes to and behaviors of the production safety. And,more accurately speaking,the managerial departments should rectify their own working style and educate and enhance the workers’ capability to cope up with the risks by taking into account the 12 factors above mentioned to promote the safety awareness of the workers.
作者
杨振宏
赵双静
张梦洁
马悦
YANG Zhen-hong;ZHAO Shuang-jing;ZHANG Meng-jie;MA Yue(College of Materials and Mineral Resources,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期163-168,共6页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
安全管理工程
建筑工人
安全意识
影响因素
主成分分析法
safety control
construction worker
safety awareness
influencing factors
principal component analysis(PCA)
