摘要
为明确栽培措施对紫苏铅富集能力的调控作用,采用随机区组设计,设置3种种植密度(D1:行株距30 cm×20 cm;D2:行株距25 cm×20 cm;D3:行株距20 cm×20 cm)、3种施肥方式(F1:有机肥;F2:复合肥;F3:混合施肥)、2种植方式(P1:移栽;P2:直播)处理,探讨了不同栽培措施对紫苏铅富集能力的影响.结果表明,在不同栽培措施下紫苏根、茎叶和籽粒的铅含量依次为7.10~16.87 mg·kg-1、1.50~5.50 mg·kg-1和0.23~5.73 mg·kg-1,铅富集系数为0.02~0.09,转运系数为0.09~0.51.不同种植密度下,籽粒铅含量以D1处理最低(2.43 mg·kg-1),茎叶铅含量以D3处理最低(2.50 mg·kg-1);不同施肥方式下,籽粒铅含量以F2处理最低(2.68 mg·kg-1),茎叶铅含量以F1处理最低(2.56 mg·kg-1);P1处理的籽粒(1.14 mg·kg-1)与茎叶的铅含量(2.35 mg·kg-1)均低于P2处理.不同栽培措施组合间,籽粒铅含量以D2F2P1组合最低(0.23 mg·kg-1),茎叶含量以D1F1P1组合最低(1.50 mg·kg-1).紫苏铅富集系数在不同种植密度及不同施肥方式间无显著差异,但P1处理显著低于P2处理,各组合以D1F1P1最低(0.02);铅转运系数大小表现为D1>D2>D3,F1<F2<F3,P1<P2,各组合以D1F3P1组合最低(0.09);铅富集量以D1F1P1处理最低(14.91 g·hm-2),与D1F2P1、D2F3P1组合间无显著差异.可见,紫苏茎叶、籽粒的铅含量均略高于相应的食品标准,栽培措施能够显著影响铅的富集与分配,适当施用有机肥、降低种植密度有利于降低紫苏对铅的吸收积累.
In order to clarify the regulatory effect of cultivation measures on lead enrichment ability of Perilla frutescens, 3 planting densities(D1:30 cm×20 cm;D2:25 cm×20 cm;D3:20 cm×20 cm),3 fertilization methods(F1:organic fertilizer;F2:compound fertilizer;F3:mixture of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer),2 planting methods(P1:transplanting;P2:direct seeding) were applied to P.frutescens in a randomized block design. The results showed that lead contents in the roots, stems, seeds of P.frutescens ranged at 7.10-16.87 mg·kg^-1, 1.50-5.50 mg·kg^-1, 0.23-5.73 mg·kg^-1, respectively, resulting in bioconcentration factor fluctuating at 0.02-0.09 and translocation factor at 0.09-0.51. Under different planting densities, lead content reached its bottom at 2.43 mg·kg^-1 in seed in D1 and 2.50 mg·kg^-1 in leaf and stem in D3. Among various fertilizer applications, lowest lead content in seeds(2.68 mg·kg^-1) was observed in F2 and the lowest lead content in leaf and stem(2.56 mg·kg^-1) was obtained in F1. Lead contents in the grains(1.14 mg·kg^-1), stems and leaves(2.35 mg·kg^-1) of transplanted P.frutescens were lower than those of direct seeding ones. Among combinations of cultivation measures, the lowest seed lead content was detected in D2 F2 P1 at 0.23 mg·kg^-1, while minimum stem and leaf contents were observed in D1 F1 P1 at 1.50 mg·kg^-1. Lead bioconcentration factor minimized at 0.02 from D1 F1 P1 and was significantly lower in P1 than that in P2, though it did not vary significantly among different planting densities or fertilization methods. Lead translocation factors sorted in descending order were D1 >D2 > D3, F3> F2 > F1, and P2 >P1, with the lowest value being from D1 F3 P1 at 0.09. Lead bioaccumulation amount minimized in D1 F1 P1 at 14.91 g·hm^-2, though no significant difference between D1 F1 P1 and D1 F2 P1. Considering above normal leaves, stems and seeds qualities in terms of lead contents, cultivation measures affect the accumulation and translocation of lead in P.frutescens. Applying organic fertilizer at appropriate rate and reducing planting density are conducive to reducing the uptake and accumulation of lead in plant.
作者
朱胜男
陈楠
郑新宇
肖清铁
汪敦飞
王玉洁
吕昭君
樊荣荣
吕荣海
林瑞余
ZHU Shengnan;CHEN Nan;ZHENG Xinyu;XIAO Qingtie;WANG Dunfei;WANG Yujie;LV Zhaojun;FAN Rongrong;LVRonghai;LIN Ruiyu(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Agro-technical Extension Station of Shanghang County in Fujian Province,Shanghang,Fujian 364000,China)
出处
《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第3期399-406,共8页
Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800900)
福建省自然科学基金项目(2009J01056、2013J01083、2015J01081).
关键词
紫苏
铅
栽培措施
富集系数
转运系数
Perilla frutescent(L.)Britt
lead
cultivation measures
bioconcentration factor(BCF)
translocation factor(TF)
