摘要
现行医疗体系下,绝大多数医疗行为是由各医科从业人员以分工、接续方式完成的服务。所以在出现过失的情况下,为了避免刑法“牵连”无辜医疗人员,需要引入信赖原则限制过失犯的成立。通说认为,分工治疗行为中信赖原则的适用以水平分工和垂直分工为标准,前者尚有适用该原则的余地,后者则无适用的空间。但是,这一标准因为存在适用绝对化、义务判断简单化、未体现分工顺序等缺点,不仅有损于刑法谦抑性,而且无法保障患者合法权益。有鉴于此,需要重塑信赖原则在分工治疗中的适用标准。理论层面上,该原则适用在满前提、基础、合理性之后,须排除职责重叠、特殊认识、前行治疗正确等阻却事由。实践应用时,应联系实际,结合分工治疗中过失出现的具体情境进行类型化的探讨。
Under the current medical system,most of the medical behaviors are performed by medical practitioners in form of division of labor.Therefore,in the case of negligence,in order to avoid the criminal law“implicating”innocent medical personnel,it is necessary to introduce the principle of trust to limit the establishment of negligent offenders.According to the general theory,the application of the principle of trust in medical negligence is based on horizontal division of labor and vertical division of labor.However,this standard has some shortcomings,such as absolute application,simplification of obligation judgment,and failure to reflect the order of division of labor,which not only damages the modesty of the criminal law,but also fails to protect the legitimate rights and interests of patients.In view of this,it is necessary to reconstruct the standard of trust principle in medical division of labor.On the theoretical level,the application of trust principle should meet the subjective and objective requirement,and there should be no overlapping responsibilities,special understanding,correct treatment and other obstacles.In practice,discussion of typology should be made combined with the specific situation of negligence in medical division of labor.
作者
王桢
Wang Zhen(Teachers College,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518061,Guangzhou,China)
出处
《学术探索》
2020年第5期81-93,共13页
Academic Exploration
基金
2019年国家法治与法学理论研究重点课题(19SFB1005)。
关键词
分工治疗
信赖原则
过失犯罪
危险分配
刑事责任归属
medical division of labor
the principle of trust
crime of medical negligence
risk distribution
attribution of criminal responsibility
