摘要
以番茄品种"金冠5号"为试材,于2018年6-9月在南京信息工程大学农业气象重点实验室进行温度、相对湿度与处理天数三因素正交实验。高温设置4个水平,即32℃/22℃、35℃/25℃、38℃/28℃和41℃/31℃(昼温/夜温),空气相对湿度设置3个水平为50%、70%和90%,4个持续天数(3、6、9、12 d),以28℃/18℃、空气相对湿度50%~55%环境下处理的番茄幼苗为对照(CK),测定不同处理下番茄叶片气孔特性,以期研究高温高湿胁迫对设施番茄气孔特性的影响。结果表明:温度对番茄叶片气孔特性的影响最为显著;在昼温32~38℃范围内,随着温度升高,气孔长度、宽度、面积、周长和开度增大,气孔密度减小,气孔开张比先减小后增大;不同处理下的气孔密度均大于CK;随着湿度增大,气孔密度增大,气孔长度和开度先增大后减小,气孔开张比先减小后增大,气孔宽度、面积和周长无明显变化,70%的相对湿度可以缓解高温胁迫对番茄叶片气孔长度和开度带来的负面影响。该研究揭示了不同环境中番茄气孔特征变化规律,可为设施番茄温湿度调控提供参考依据。
In order to study the effect of high temperature and different relative humidity on stomatal characteristics of greenhouse tomatoes,the three-factor orthogonal test of temperature,relative humidity and durations was carried out from June to September 2018 in the Agricultural Meteorological Laboratory in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology.‘Jinguan 5’was used as material.The factor of temperature was set 4 levels,32℃/22℃,35℃/25℃,38℃/28℃and 41℃/31℃(day/night temperature),and air relative humidity was set 3 levels,50%,70%and 90%,with 4 durations(3 d,6 d,9 d,12 d).Using 28℃/18℃and 50%-55%humidity as control(CK),the stomatal characteristics of tomato leaves was determined under different treatments.The results showed that temperature had the most significant effect on stomatal characteristics of tomato leaves;the stomatal length,width,area,circumference and aperture increased with the increase of temperature in the range of 32-38℃;the stomatal density decreased and the stomatal opening ratio decreased first and then increased;the stomatal density was higher than CK under different treatments.With the increase of humidity,stomatal density increases,stomatal length and aperture first increased and then decreased,stomatal opening ratio first decreased and then increased,and stomatal width,area and circumference did not change significantly,which indicated that 70%relative humidity could alleviate the negative effect of high temperature stress on stomatal length and aperture of tomato leaves.This study revealed the variation of stomatal characteristics of plants in different environments,which could provided scientific basis for temperature and humidity regulation of greenhouse tomatoes.
作者
李佳佳
杨再强
韦婷婷
黄琴琴
丁宇晖
LI Jiajia;YANG Zaiqiang;WEI Tingting;HUANG Qinqin;DING Yuhui(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science&.Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210044;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210044)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第6期23-31,共9页
Northern Horticulture
基金
国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(41775104)
国家重点研究开发计划资助项目(2019YFD1002202)。
关键词
番茄
高温
气孔特性
tomato
high temperature
stomatal characteristics
