摘要
综合最新成果,怀旧可被定义为具有回避、亲附双重倾向的人群,为应对环境断裂引发的自我连续性危机而衍生出的一种适应性机制。其核心是在象征的时空里建构出理想化的社会纽带,以补偿现实中归属感的缺失,激发积极情感,维护自我连续性。这一机制实际是一个由多个相关要素构成的图式系统,包括对环境的评判、情感反应、应对策略以及认知建构,包括理想精神家园、社会纽带、怀旧身份与替代价值等。这些要素需彼此协调方能发挥怀旧的补偿功能。上述新成果为怀旧类型学、个性化怀旧主题以及共同体、伦理等相关问题的研究提供了较坚实的理论基础;对探讨动漫等相关文化现象,也颇具启发意义。
Based on latest findings, nostalgia can be defined as an adaptive mechanism found in people with both avoidance and approach inclinations when their self-continuity is damaged by raptures in life. Its essence is to compensate for the lack of sense of belonging in reality, arouse positive emotions and maintain self-continuity, by constructing idealized social bonds in a symbolic space. Such a mechanism is in effect a cognitive-affective schema comprising multiple interrelated elements, namely, evaluations of reality, emotional responses, coping strategies, and especially cognitive constructions, which include that of an idealized time-space, social bonds, nostalgic identities, and alternative meanings. The effectiveness of the schema depends largely upon the coordinatability of these elements. Such understandings provide substantial basis for a wide range of literary and cultural studies, such as typology and individual characteristics of nostalgia, community and ethics studies, and the cartoon culture, etc.
作者
戚涛
Qi Tao(School of Foreign Studies,Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui Province,China)
出处
《外国文学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期87-101,共15页
Foreign Literature
基金
安徽省哲学社会科学规划重点项目“他时、他地、异国—认知图式视角下美国主流文学中的怀旧母题(1830—1930)”(AHSKZ2018D11)。
关键词
怀旧
归属感
自我连续性
时空
认知
情感
nostalgia
sense of belonging
self-continuity
time and space
cognition
affect
