摘要
采用色板粘贴法和植株调查法对宁夏设施黄瓜西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)及其天敌的发生规律进行系统研究,以明确宁夏设施黄瓜西花蓟马及其天敌的发生规律,为确定西花蓟马防治关键时期、建立生物与化学等防治因子协调控制技术以及减少化学药剂使用等提供依据,为制定西花蓟马综合治理策略奠定基础.结果表明:西花蓟马1—3月虫口数量整体较低(平均低于4头/板),4月虫口数量明显上升,5、6月达到高峰期(虫口数量可达16头/板),随后虫口数量有所减少,9月随着秋冬茬黄瓜定植时间的延长,蓟马虫口数量又有所波动.西花蓟马天敌昆虫主要有小花蝽(Orius similis)、七星瓢虫(Coccinella septempunctata)、异色瓢虫(Harmonia axyridis)、小十三星瓢虫(Hippodamia tredecimpunctata)、中华草蛉(Chrysoperla sinica)等.其中小花蝽数量较多,活动时间较长(4月至9月),5、6月小花蝽达到高峰期(平均可达1.2头/株),7月以后数量逐渐减少;其他天敌七星瓢虫、异色瓢虫、小十三星瓢虫、中华草蛉虫口数量均较低,平均不足0.2头/株.
The occurrence regularity of Frankliniella occidentalis and their natural enemies were systematically studied with the method of sticky coloured card and plant survey in the growing period of greenhouse cucumber in Yinchuan,which laid the foundation for generating integrated management strategy against F.occidentalis.The results showed that the number of F.occidentalis is little from January to March(the average was less than 4 each card),and increase significantly in April,and reach the peak in May and June(the number is 16 each card).And then the number of F.occidentalis decrease.In September,with the extension of cucumber planting time,the number of F.occidentalis fluctuate in a small range.The natural enemies of F.occidentalis are mainly Orius similis,Coccinella septempunctata,Harmonia axyridis,Hippodamia tredecimpunctata,Chrysoperla sinica,and so on.Among them,the number and the activity time of O.similis is more and longer(From April to September),and the number reach the peak(average of 1.2 each plant)In May and June.And then the number gradually decrease after July.The number of other natural enemies,such as Coccinella septempunctata,Harmonia axyridis,Hippodamia tredecimpunctata,Chrysoperla sinica,are all less,and the average is less than 0.2 each plant.It is explicated preliminary to population dynamics of F.occidentalis and theirs natural enemies in greenhouse cucumber in Yinchuan,which provide a basis for grasping the key period of prevention and control of F.occidentalis,establishing the coordinated management strategy of biological and chemical control factors and reducing the use of chemical pesticides.
作者
张治科
吴圣勇
雷仲仁
康萍芝
杜玉宁
张丽荣
Zhang Zhike;Wu Shengyong;Lei Zhongren;Kang Pingzhi;Du Yuning;Zhang Lirong(Ningxia Key Laboratory of Plant Diseases and Pests Control,Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《农业科学研究》
2019年第4期48-52,共5页
Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏“十三五”重大科技项目(2016BZ0904)
国家自然科学基金项目(31660621)
一二三产业融合发展科技创新示范项目(YES-16-03)
宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ15128)
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2018BFF02005-2)。
关键词
黄瓜
西花蓟马
天敌
种群动态
cucumber
Frankliniella occidentalis
natural enemies
population dynamics
