摘要
目的分析医院尿路感染患者病原菌分布及其耐药情况,指导临床合理用药。方法收集2017年1月-2018年12月于杭州市师范大学附属医院住院治疗的尿路感染患者尿液样本,共分离菌株325例,进行病原菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果尿路感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主(69.54%),主要为大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。革兰阳性球菌占24.00%,主要包括粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌,真菌占6.46%。大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢唑啉、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星等抗菌药物的耐药率均>50%,对亚胺培南的耐药性较低。粪肠球菌与屎肠球菌对青霉素和左氧氟沙星类药物耐药率较高,对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和呋喃妥因较敏感。粪肠球菌对各类药物耐药性普遍低于屎肠球菌。结论引起医院尿路感染的病原菌分布广泛,且耐药情况较为严重,应注重病原菌的监测和耐药性分析,以指导临床合理用药,延缓耐药株的产生。
Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with nosocomial urinary tract infection,and to guide rational drug use in clinic.Methods Urine samples were collected from 325 patients with urinary tract infections hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from January 2017 to December 2018.Pathogen identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out.Results The main pathogens of urinary tract infection were gram-negative bacilli(69.54%),mainly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Gram-positive cocci accounted for 24.00%,mainly including Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecalis,and fungi accounted for 6.46%.The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to cefazolin,ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were more than 50%,and the resistance to imipenem was lower.Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecalis were more resistant to penicillin and levofloxacin than to vancomycin,linezolid and furantoin.The resistance of Enterococcus faecalis to various drugs was generally lower than that of Enterococcus faecalis.Conclusion Pathogens causing urinary tract infections in hospitals are widely distributed and drug resistance is serious.We should pay attention to the monitoring and drug resistance analysis of pathogens in order to guide clinical rational drug use and delay the emergence of drug-resistant strains.
作者
徐佳丽
潘峰
XU Jia-li;PAN Feng(Clinical Laboratory,the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310000,China)
出处
《中国卫生检验杂志》
CAS
2020年第6期713-715,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology
关键词
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
Urinary tract infection
Pathogens
Drug resistance
