摘要
城市湖泊水体作为城市生态空间的重要组成部分,对于缓解城市热岛效应具有重大意义。采用定点实测与CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)模拟相结合的方法,以相对湿度为小气候要素重点讨论了建筑因子(建筑后退湖岸距离、建筑高度以及建筑间距)对夏季城市湖泊增湿效应的影响程度。研究结果表明:(1)湖泊周边建筑是影响湖泊湿度效应的重要因素之一,城市湖泊湿度效应受城市主导风影响较大,在上风向1 km以及下风向3 km区域范围内湖泊的增湿作用明显;(2)在建筑密度较大时,仅增大建筑后退距离或增大建筑间距均能使湖泊周边热湿环境得到一定改善,但对上风向区域影响效果有限,其相对湿度变化为0.1%-1.2%;(3)建筑高度的改变对城市湖泊湿度效应影响最大,在下风向区域尤为明显,其相对湿度变化为2.1%-4.1%。综上,只有充分考虑湖泊周边建筑因子对湖泊湿度效应的影响才能使得城市湖泊的增湿效应达到最大的优化,该结果能加深对城市湖泊湿度效应的了解,对于城市生态空间的整体规划具有参考意义。
As an important component of urban ecological space,urban lake is of great significance to alleviate the urban heat island effect.This thesis uses the method which combines fixed point measurement with CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)simulation and takes the relative humidity as the microclimate factor to discuss the influence degree of the building factors on the humidity effects of urban lakes in the summer.The results showed that:(1)The buildings around the lake were one of the important factors that affected the humidity effect of the lake,and the humidity effect of urban lakes was affected by the city's dominant winds.There was a significant lake humidification in the upwind direction of 1 km and the downwind direction of 3 km in the lake.(2)With the high building density,only increasing the distance between buildings and urban lake or building interval could improve the heat and moisture environment around the lake to a certain extent,while the effect on the upwind area was less,with the relative humidity changes from 0.1%to 1.2%.(3)The change of building height had the greatest impact on the humidity effect of urban lakes,especially in the downwind area,with the change of relative humidity from 2.1%to 4.1%.In summary,only taking the influences of building factors surrounding the urban lakes into consideration adequately can the humidification effect of urban lakes be optimized to the greatest extent.The research production of this thesis is valuable for both understanding the humidity effect of urban lakes and planning of urban ecological space.
作者
梁胜
陈存友
胡希军
胡颖炫
赵荻
LIANG Sheng;CHEN Cunyou;HU Xijun;HU Yingxuan;ZHAO Di(College of Landscape Architecture,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2020年第2期191-198,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
国家林业局“十三五”重点学科(风景园林学)(林人发[2016]21号)
湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(13C1135)
中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金项目(CX20192007)
中南林业科技大学高等学校“十三五”专业综合改革试点项目(城乡规划学)。
关键词
小气候
CFD模拟
湿度效应
城市湖泊
建筑因子
microclimate
CFD simulation
humidity effect
urban lakes
building factors
