摘要
发展旅游业作为一种有效的减贫手段已引起政府和社会各界的广泛关注,当前急需科学评估旅游发展的减贫效应,以便为制定切实可行的旅游扶贫政策提供借鉴。基于中国2000—2015年31个省(市、自治区)的面板数据,利用熵值法评价了各地区旅游发展水平,运用面板门槛模型考察了旅游发展的减贫效应。结果表明:(1)旅游发展存在显著的减贫效应,但因发展水平不同而存在门槛效应。(2)减贫效应存在“东—中—西”阶梯式递增的变化特征。(3)随旅游发展水平的提高,减贫效应具有逐步收敛的边际递减特征,其中旅游发展水平处于低区段时的减贫效应最大,中低区段的减贫效应次之,中高区段的减贫效应不显著,高区段的减贫效应进一步缩小,总体呈倒“J”型。基于此,提出了充分发挥旅游减贫效应的对策建议。
Tourism development,as an effective way to alleviate poverty,has attracted attention from governments of different levels and people of all walks of life in China.Therefore,it is urgent to make scientific assessment of the poverty alleviation effect brought about by tourism development so as to provide useful reference for making practical policy on poverty alleviation through tourism.Based on the panel data from 2000 to 2015 in 31 provinces in China(including municipalities and autonomous regions),this paper assesses the levels of the tourism development in different areas by using entropy method and investigates into the poverty alleviation effect of tourism in those areas by adopting panel threshold model.The results are as follows:(1)Tourism development shows significant poverty alleviation effect.On condition that the control variable is considered,the overall Engel’s Coefficient declines along with the improvement of tourism development levels.However,there is threshold effect according to different tourism development levels.(2)The tourism development levels show significant territorial diversity.The high section mainly consists of provinces in the eastern coastal region,while the low and middle-lower sections mainly consist of the provinces in the central and western regions.Nevertheless,the poverty alleviation effect of tourism development shows a tendency of“east-middle-west”stepwise increase.(3)With the improvement of tourism development levels,the poverty alleviation effect shows a gradual convergence of marginal decrease,that is to say,the maximum poverty alleviation effect happens when the tourism development level is in the low section,the poverty alleviation effect of the tourism development whose level belongs to the middle-lower section takes the second place,the poverty alleviation effect is insignificant when the tourism development level belongs to the middle-higher section,and the poverty alleviation effect of tourism development whose level belongs to the high section declines further.On the whole,the poverty alleviation effect of the different tourism development levels thus declines in the shape of an inverted“J”.Therefore,the positive effect of tourism development on poverty alleviation needs to be emphasized and made full use of,and stages of tourism development need to be accurately recognized so as to make differential policies on poverty alleviation through tourism accordingly;at the same time,the role and function of governments needs to be adjusted in time,multi-agent profit distribution coordination mechanism needs to be constructed,and precautions need to be taken against poverty or repoverty of the poor caused by market rules so that maximum and targeted poverty alleviation through tourism can be achieved.
作者
兰海霞
赵雪雁
LAN Hai-xia;ZHAO Xue-yan(College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;College of Economics,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期248-259,共12页
Arid Land Geography
基金
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA19040502)
甘肃省社科规划项目(YB048)
西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目(SKQN15005)。
关键词
旅游发展
贫困减缓
门槛效应
中国
tourism development
poverty alleviation
threshold effect
China
